Study On Genetic Of Multi-Ovary Character And Its AFLP Molecular Marker In Wheat

The heterosis is a general phenomenon of the living nature. The wheat, like other crops, has obvious heterosis since suitable hybridized combination is made up. But the heterosis of the wheat is still unutilized extensively, because of the question of making strong heterosis selection and the question of technology in producing hybrid seeds. As the wheat is a self-pollination crop, the sowing norm is great, it is relatively low to propagation coefficient. So how to economily produce a large number of hybrid seed effectively, it is one of the key problem that hybrid wheat applied to production. Multi-ovary character as a new peculiar properties of wheat was discovered in our country, has an advantage of kernels per head obviously, and use it can improve the propagation coefficient. In view of this, In view of this, this article on the wheat multi-ovary character has conducted the quite systematic research through the traditional heredity analysis the quantity heredity analysis, the AFLP molecular marker and screens and the multi-ovary NIL breed, at the same time explored and studies the new way to enhanced propagation benefit of the hybrid wheat using the wheat multi-ovary character,the main results obtained were as follows:1..One multi-ovary wheat was reciprocal crossed with 4 common wheat, and F₂ and BC₁ generation were obtained by F₁ plant self-crosses and from the backcrosses of F₁ with the mono-ovary wheat as male respectively. A11 plant F₁ were multi-ovary, the ratio of multi-ovary: mono-ovary in F₂ was suitable 3:1;the ratio of multi-ovary: mono-ovary in BC₁ was 1:1. The result indicates that the multi-ovary character of wheat was controlled by one dominant nuclei-gene.2.Through studing the cytoplasm effect on F₁ F₂ from reciprocal crossed between multi-ovary wheat and 4 mono-ovary Dinkel wheat, and 10 kinds of the alloplasmic wheat varieties Chris with different Ae.gilops cytoplasms, the result shows: the 8 cytoplasm have obvious cytoplasm effects in the 14 cytoplasm tested, make the multi-ovary gene expression obstruct in F₁ heterozygous dominant genetype, and can be expressed in F₂ homozygous dominant genetype. Based on this, we putforward transferring multi-ovary character to wheat male sterility line through backcrossing method to improving propagation coefficient in male sterile lines reproduction and hybrid seed production(The patent name and accepts the number respectively is: One kind of the method to enhancement propagation benefit of the chemical hybridizing wheat, 200510096062.8;One kind of the method to enhancement propagation benefit of the cytoplasm male sterility wheat, 20051009630l.X), impel the hybrid wheat towards producing as soon as possible.3.Hybriditation and self were made between three multi-ovary wheat and eight wheat to study on their genetic ^ combining ability and heterosis,the results are follows:(DThe heredity of plant height of multi-ovary wheat was fitted the additive dorminant model;that of kernels per head and yield per plant were controlled by various interaction effects.the additive noadditive effect played major role to 1000 kernals weight.(2)The varance of general and special combing ability(GCA and SCA) was significant respectively in plant height lOOOkernels weight > kernels per head of multi-ovary wheat,then GCA was not significant respectively in the yield per plant.(3)GCA effects of plant height, 1 OOOkernels weight of multi-ovary wheat shows respectively remarked,duoll and duoIII were best;GCA effect of kernels per head of duoIK duoIII was remarked with duol,it has positive effects.GCA effect of the yield per head was not remarked.(4)GCA and SCA was correlated with heterosis.The crosses with strong heterosiswould be possible with both parents having high GCA and SCA effects.?By means of plant height n kernels per head , yield per plant, lOOOkernels weight decreased in this order,heterosis of multi-ovary wheat was differenty in consequence of different character.4. Based on studying of the genetic law and cytoplasm effect of multi-ovary, we formulated the applying way that utilizing multi-ovary peculiar character toward wheat heterosis,through analysis of hybrid wheat research current situation and existing problem, and develops the method of parent selection and hybrid seed production with multi-ovary character among the way of CHA and CMS. Utilizing this method, we can breed strong heterosis combination with multi-ovary character, break through the obstacle of the propagation coefficient at present. We are hopeful to realize that obtaining double heterosis among nuclear and cytoplasm > nuclear parent's genotype to making heterosis the surmounting furtherly originally.5. In order to set up the MAS technology system of multi-ovary gene, and improve selection efficiency, we study AFLP molecular marker of multi-ovary geneby BSA. The results showed that a total of 64 EcoRI/Msel primers combinations were investigated employing the common wheat cultivar duoIL xinongl376 and gene pool, and 3896 fragments were amplified, ranging from lOObp to 700bp. 19 primers combinations can reveal wheat multi-ovary gene polymorphic among pool and parent, the appearing rate of polymorphic primer was 29.69%. 8 primer combinations among 19 pairs were validated in F2 colony and one marker (E4M8) linked to the dominant multi-ovary gene were identified , with a map distance of 13.84 cM, respectively. The marker would play an important role in the genetic improvement of multi—ovary wheat through marker aided selection(MAS).6. In order to study the multi-ovary character of the wheat more accurately, we have created NIL(M04309) of multi-ovary of 77(2)through backcrossed with 77(2) as a recurrent parent> using duo II as donor parent and dwarfing sterile wheat as the hybridization tool, The results were as follows:?M04309 was evaluated, results showed that M04309 have genetic stability of multi-ovary character, and other characteristics keep the same with 77 (2). ?The genetic diversity of NIL for wheat multi-ovary character were evaluated by the acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (APAGE) technique of gliadin. preferable genetic consistency was found in between the NIL > between NIL and the recurrent parent. ?Good genetic consistency was found in between the NIL , between NIL and the recurrent parent with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique of EST, POD, which not suitable for the identification of the genetic variance between this NIL and their parent. ? Characteristic bands of the multi-ovary gene was detected, which did not show any polymorphism between this NIL and their parent.