The Eco-hydrological Effects Of Hillslope Forest/Vegetation In The Small Watershed Of Xiangshuihe, Liupanshan Mountains

In order to discuss the eco-hydrological effects of hillslope forest vegetation in the arid zone of North of China, a serial of experimentations that the hillslope forest vegetation affects the hydrological characteristic, the hydrological process and runoff of small watershed are performed in the Xiangshuihe small watershed, located in the south side of Liupanshan Mountains of semi-wetness and semi-arid climatic zone on the growth season (month 5-10) of 2004 and 2005 and are expected to understand the hydrological mechanism of forest vegetation deeply and also provide the theoretical and technological basis for the building and management of water-retention forest in the Liupanshan mountains and similar region.Liupanshan Mountains, a representative mountain zone of the Loess Plateau and the headwaters of many rivers, for example, Jing River, of a main branch of the Yellow River, is very important to maintain the regional balance of ecology and provide the water resource. Xiangshuihe watershed is a representative mountain forest small watershed which area is 43.74 km~2 and its elevation ranges from 2070m to 2931m and its slope degree is very steep. The forest vegetation cover with many vegetation types, is 65.5% and its soil is embedded many stone fragments. The annual mean precipitation is 591.6mm.The content of the dissertation is comprised of the characteristics of forest soil macropore, the spatial heterogeneity of throughfall under the canopy, the rainfall redistribution of canopy, the eco-hydrological function of forest litters, the eco-hydrological characteristics of forest soil, the precipitation and runoff characteristics and the influence of the vegetation toward runoff and etc. The main results are shown as follows:1. Macropore characteristics of Forest soilThe macropore, as a typical characteristic of forest soil, is the fundamental to study the hydrological effect of the forest soil. The macropore radius and density, the infiltration influence of macropore and the cause of formation of macropore are discussed in the dissertation. The density of macropore in the different...