Genetic Diversity Analysis On Triticum Turigidum Ssp. Turgidum Landraces

The agronomic and quality characters of Triticum turgidum ssp. turgidum landraces from China, including Sichuan, Shanxi, Gansu, and Henan provinces were investigated. The population genetic diversity based on EST-SSR markers was estimated, and the genetic variances on Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci of low molecular weight glutenin genes in landraces population were analyzed. Moreover, some α-gliadin gene sequences were obtained. These results might be useful to understand the genetic structure and diversity of turgidum landraces. The results were described as following:1. The agronomic traits of 94 turgidum landraces collected from Sichuan, Shanxi, Gansu, Henan and other provinces, were investigated based on analysis of variance, correlation, principal component. Higher variations of the eight agronomic traits were observed. The higher plant height, more spikelets and kernels per spike, lower 1000-grains weight and longer growing period were found in turgidum landraces. The correlation indicated high plant height could be lead to more spikelets, and 1000-grains weight was most affected by growing periods. The results suggested that the environment was important for the agronomic performance of landraces. Based on the principle elements analysis, six principle elements were obtained, which contributes variance over 91%, especially the spikelet type (31.75%).