Study On The Effects Of Nitrogen Application On The Synthetic Productivities Of Wheat

To solve the problems of fertilizer application existing in the wheat planting of high quality and yield in Jiangsu province or the areas alike further, Ningmai 9 (weak gluten wheat), Yangmai 10,11 , Shannong229 (middle gluten wheat) and Jinan17 (strong gluten wheat), four wheat for different end uses varieties which were popularized in the Huainan and Huaibei areas, were taken as experimental materials. Several experiments such as different amounts of nitrogen application, ratio of basic to topdressing and nitrogen application period were designed in Yangzhou, Gaoyou and Donghai areas in order to study the effects of nitrogen application on the synthetic productivities of different types of wheat (wheat for different end uses and inter-planting wheat). The main results were as follows:1. Effects of nitrogen regulation on yield(1)Yield of wheat for different end uses had a significant quadratic correlation with the amount of nitrogen application and the ratio of basic to topdressing. There were proper ranges of nitrogen amount and ratio to obtain higher yield. Nitrogen topdressed at elongation for different wheat could result in the highest yield. (2)The nitrogen application amount had a positive linearity correlation with spike number while a quadratic curve or negative linearity correlation was existed between the ratio of basic to topdressing and spike number. Nitrogen applied in the period of the fourth leaf appearing could result in the most spike number. (3)The amount of nitrogen application had a quadratic correlation with grain number while a linearity correlation was existed between the ratio of basic to topdressing and grain number. Furthermore, nitrogen fertilized at elongating could obtain the most grain number. Nitrogen fertilized before or after elongation was not benefit to increasing the grain number. (4) Grain weight had a negative quadratic correlation with nitrogen application amount,and it had a rise rend when increased the ratio of topdressing at elongation or fertilized later. To obtain the stable and high yield, the N amounts should be applied by 168.8～225㎏·hm-2 with 7:3～4:6 ratio of basic to topdressing for the weak gluten wheat(Ningmai 9), While for the middle gluten wheat(Yangmai 10 and Shannong 229) by225～262.5㎏·hm-2 with 5:5. For the strong gluten wheat(Jinan 17) by about 328.1㎏·hm-2 with 5:5～4:6.2. Effects of nitrogen application on qualities(1)Effects on flour quality: Grain protein, wet (dry) gluten contents and sedimentation obviously had significant linear relationship with increase of nitrogen amount and ratio of topdressing at elongating. Furthermore, with the time of fertilizing postponing, they show a rise...