| Most species of the edible ectomycorrhizal fungi are precious mushrooms with unique natural zest and delicious taste and with high economical value. However, they belong to the category of co-exist fungi, which are difficult to culture without host plants at lab. Because of its special economic value and difficulty to culture, domestic and international researchers are attracted to work on it for many years. Thanks to their efforts, the cultivation of Tuber melanosprorum. Tuber aestivum. Rhizopogon rubrus, Lyophyllum and etc. are made success.Belonging to the genus of lactarius, Russulaceae family and Russulales, Lactarius hatsutake Tanaka, a precious indigenous mushroom, is mainly distributed in China, Japan and etc., . Because of long history of using this delicious food in the distribution areas, a large scale of consuming market is formed locally. To cultivate this mushroom artificially has beenthe dream of the local people for a long time. Therefore, once its production reaches the economically acceptable level the object of industrialization will be easily realized.The biological characters of L. hatsutake was studied systematically through investigation of ecological factors in the field, microscopic observation of its shapes of ectomycorrhizae, mycelium, spores and fruiting bodies, and analysis of its ITS and LSU segments. Based on these works, a pair of species-specific primer was designed and validated, and was proved to effective for amplifying and identifying the fructification and ectomycorrhizae of L. hatsutake. Furthermore, the characters of chemical components and physical structure of soil available for growth of L. hatsutake was surveyed and analyzed.The major research results are showed as follows.1. It showed by survey of structure of ectomycorrhizae that the proportion of diameter of mycelium, thickness of mantle, thickness of Hartig net, diameter of ectomycorrhizae was 1:4.7:31.9:138.4 respectively.The shape of holes in the reticulum of mycelium mantle was almost lozenge, while a few of them were in quadrangle. The length of reticulum hole was 2.85 times of its width. And the width of reticulum ridge is equivalent to 16.7% of the width of reticulum hole.It was ascertained that there was no clamp at the septae (connection of neighboring cells)..2. Phylogenic relationships based on ITS and LSU sequences of species of Lactarius showed that, L. hatsutake from different areas were clustered together, and consist of a group with L.akahatsu and L.sp, but they were divided into different clades, indicated a closer consanguinity among them. However, they are, in fact, separate species.
|
PDF Full Text Request