Studies On Ecology Of Complex Ecosystem Of Leafminers And Natural Enemies

Eight spieces of leafminers had been collected and identified in Guizhou region. They were Liriomyza huidobrensis, L. sativae,L. bryoniae, L. compositella, L. congesta, L. brassicae, L. trifoliearum, L. xanthocer. Among these, L.compositella, L. congesta, L. brassicae were newly recorded species in Guizhou. L. trifoliearum and L. xanthocer were newly recorded species in China. According to important values, L. huidobrensis and L. sativae were regarded as dominant species in Guizhou region.Sixteen natural enemies of leafminers had been collected and identified in Guizhou region. Among which 14 species parasitic wasps were Opius dimidiatus, Opius dissitus, Diglyphus isaea, Chrysocharis pentheus, Neochrysocharis formosa, Chrysocharis pubicornis, Hemiptarsenus varicornis, Chrysocharis crassiscapus, Diglyphus albicapus, Chrysonotomyia punctiventris, Closterocerus lyonetiae, Halticoptera circulus, Trichomalopsis sp., Tetrastichus sp.. And two species predatoriness were Tachydromia oreintalis , Monomorium sp.. Among these, Hemiptarsenus varicornis, Chrysocharis crassiscapus, Diglyphus albicapus, Chrysonotomyia punctiventris, Closterocerus lyonetiae, Halticoptera circulus were newly recorded species in Guizhou. According to important values, Opius dimidiatus, Diglyphus isaea, Chrysocharis pentheus, the Neochrysocharis formosa was regarded as the dominant species of natural enemies.Development threshold temperature of egg, larvel, pupa and egg-pupa of 0. dimidiatus were estimated to be 9.633℃,10.943℃,10.023℃and 10.232℃. Effective accumulated temperatures were estimated to be 53.982d℃, 59.126 d℃, 75.433 d℃and 188.62 d℃. Relationship between temperatures and reproductive capacity of population, the order of effective by temperature were 24℃>21℃>18℃>15℃>27℃>30℃. Relationship between life and temperature was opposited, on 30℃,life was only 7.8d. Functional response and interference response were resultes of the research.There were 9 spiecse insects in complex ecosystem of Broad bean in Yangchanggou, the dorminant species were L. huidobrensis, O. dimidiatus and D. isaea. Among 14 species inscets in common bean complex ecosystem in Yangchanggou, dominant species were L. huidobrensis and O. dimidiatus But only 5 spiese in common bean at Dongjiayan and the dorminant species was L. huidobrensis. There were 8 spiese in cowpea and the dominant species was L. sativae. There were 7 spiese on cucumber and the dominant species was L. sativae. Analysed the decreasing or increasing law of dominant populations, besides Dongjiayan common bean complex ecosystem , All dominant species populations were increasing by time. Analyzing the relationship among dorminant populations and building forecasted models, on Broad bean model all growth period wasy=22.142+1.255x₁-0.313x₂±9.364 and on Broad bean model in winter was y=28.45+3.59x.Contented Species diversity and evenness of varity time of complex ecosystem. And increasing or decreasing law of 3 kinds index number were drawned.Using the mothed of main factor analys to analyze these complex ecosystems and setting up evaluation function,and evaluation complex degree of every ecosystem in varied times. Put together, about Broad bean complex ecosystem at Yangchanggou by tatol samples, it had 2 main factors, the most effective to the complex ecosystem were other leafminers and other parasitic wasps.Order of complex degree in varied time ,early and later period were low. About common bean complex ecosystem at Yangchanggou, it had 2 main factors, the first main factor,the most effective to there complex ecosystem were other leafminers, the second main factor,the most effective to this complex ecosystem were Opius dimidiatus. Order of compound degree in varied time ,May 8 to May 22 of early period amd June 3 to 25 of mid-later period were lower. About common bean complex ecosystem at Dongjiayan,it had 2 main factors, the first main factor, the most effective to this complex ecosystem was other parasitic wasps, the second main factor,the most effective to this complex ecosystem was other parasitic wasps too. Order of complex degree in varied time, early period was higher.About cowpea complex ecosystem at Yangchanggou, it had 1 main factor, the most effective to this complex ecosystem was other leafminers and other parasitic wasps.Order of complex degree in varied time, July 9 to July 20 was higher,but August 10 to August 30 was lower. About cucumber complex ecosystem at Yangchanggou, it had 1 main factor, the most effective to this complex ecosystem was other parasitic wasps.Order of complex degree in varied time, later period was higher.This paper on the systematic survey on fields in all winter,its every life cycle of some leafminers and natural enemies had been collected.Therefore,the complex ecosystem by leaf miner and its natural enemies that occurred in winter was researched. About Broad bean complex ecosystem at Yangchanggou in winter, there were 7 species inscets on common bean complex ecosystem in winter, they were L. huidobrensis, O. dimidiatus, C. pentheus , N. formosa , D. isaea , L. trifoliearum , T. oreintalis. The dominant species were L. huidobrensis and O. dimidiatus. About main factor analysis of broad bean complex ecosystem in winter at Yangchanggou,it had 2 main factors, the first main factor, the most effective to this complex ecosystem was O. dimidiatus, the second main factor, the most effective to this complex ecosystem was L. huidobrensis. Order of compound degree in varied time , compound degree was higher with time.According to the result of experiment of yellow strips luring,10 pages yellow strips to common bean complex ecosystem in 24hr, killed 561 L.huidobrensis ,Which took up 96 precent in tatol amount, and 20 parasitic enemies, 3 precent.From the result of experiment of yellow strips luring,10 pages yellow strips to broad bean complex ecosystem killed 448 L.huidobrensis in 10hr, which was 48 precent, but killed 444 horseflies, Tachydromia oreintalis, precent 47. So in a complex ecosystem which have a lot of horseflies,Tachydromia oreintalis could not use yellow strips to kill leafminers.