Studies On Evaluation Methods Of Three-dimensional AfforestingPlants And Establishment Of The Integrated Evaluation Models

China is abundant in three-dimensional afforesting plants, but only a few have beendeveloped for use. The evaluation system has not been established on three-dimensionalafforesting plants introduction and breeding. In this paper the Parthenocissus were selected forthe quantitative assessment of ecological function and adaptability, and four evaluation modelsare established on the main use of three-dimensional afforesting plants in North China. Theresearch provides both theoretical bases for the reasonable use and methods of assessment, aswell as systems for the selection and breeding of new materials and varieties.1. Study on the ecological adaptability of three-dimensional afforesting plants, withParthenocissus as an example.(1) The result indicates that the cold resistance is: P.quinquefolia＞P.tricuspidata,P. laetecirens＞P. henryana..(2) The drought resistance of the four is: P.quinquefolia＞P. tricuspidata＞P.laetecirens＞P.henryana.(3) The resistance to shade is ranged as: P. tricuspidata＞P.quinquefolia＞P.laetecirens＞P.henryana.2. Quantitative assessment on the ecological functions of three-dimensional afforestingplants, with Parthenocissus as an example. Quantitative studies on the carbon-fixation,oxygen-evolution and humidity-increasing capabilities of Parthenocissus using a portablephotosynthetic analyzer Li-6400.(1) Carbon-fixing rates per day of P.tricuspidata in different seasons are ranged as:Autumn＞Spring＞Autumn; for P.quinquefolia is Autumn＞Summer＞Spring. The maininfluencing factors on net photosynthetic rate, in spring are PAR and Con; Ci, Cond and T_air insummer, and PAR in Autumn.In Spring, Carbon fixation and oxygen released per day of P. tricuspidata three-dimensionalafforesting on different orientation are 558mmol·m^-2 on southern, 552 mmol·m^-2 onwestern,442mmol·m^-2 on eastern and 197 mmol·m^-2 on northern. P.quinquefolia are460mmol·m^-2 on southern, 373mmol·m^-2 on western, 310 mmol·m^-2 on eastern and 139mmol·m^-2 on northern.In Summer, Carbon fixation and oxygen released per day of P.tricuspidata are 518mmol·m(-2) on southern, 361mmol·m(-2) on eastern, 274mmol·m(-2) on western and183mmol·m(-2) on northern. P.quinquefolia are 742mmol·m(-2) on southern, 647mmol·m(-2) oneastern, 563mmol·m(-2) on western and 254mmol·m(-2) on northern.In Autumn, Carbon fixation and oxygen released per day of P.tricuspidata are575mmol·m(-2) on southern, 436 mmol·m(-2) on western, 403mmol·m(-2) on eastern and151mmol·m(-2) on northern. P.quinquefolia are 1007mmol·m(-2) on southern, 645mmol·m(-2) onwestern, 633mmol·m(-2) on eastern and 137 mmol·m(-2) on northern.(2)Three-dimensional afforesting has very important role to improve urban environment,due to the insufficient greenland in most north China cities. In this paper, five different facadesof building with P.quinquefolia vegetation were selected and TRM—ZS1 was used todetermine the temperature-decreasing and humid-increasing effects as well as the range ofeffects.The results show that, within the canopy, from 9:00 to 22:00 at roof, from 9:00 to 18:00 inthe south, from 8:00 to 15:00 in the east, from 10:00 to 20:00 in the west, and from 16:00 to17:00 in the north, the temperature-decreasing effects were on significant level. And thehumidity effects, from 6:00 to 22:00 on the roof, from 7:00 to 19:00 in the south, from 8:00 to15:00 in the west, and from 10:00 to 20:00 in the west, were on significant level. For all thesites tested, during noon, the temperature-decreasing and humid-increasing effects were onmost significant level. On the roof, within the plant canopy, air temperature decreases by5.77℃and relative humidity increases by 6.85% on average. South, east, west and northfacades can decrease air temperature by 4.45℃,4.21℃,3.36℃,1.6℃, and increase relativehumidity by 6.48%,6.16%,4.87%,1.6% on average, respectively. The vertical vegetation candecrease the air temperature and increase the humidity within the range of 40 cm away fromthe canopy. The temperature-decreasing effect is of little correlation to the height, while thehumidity-increasing effect is well correlated to the height.(3) Dust dentation capability of four Parthenocissus species were analyzed with soakedby distilled water method. The results show that, the Dust dentation capability reaches its peakvalue (12.68 mg·cm^-2) on the 6th day for P.laetecirens, 10.61 mg·cm^-2 (peak value) to the 9thday for P.quinquefolia, 8.79 mg·cm^-2 for P.tricuspidata to the 9th day, and 6.59 mg·cm^-2 on the12th day for P.henryana. (4) Antibacterial capability was analyzed according to method of dipped in water inindoor, and the pathogen-inhibiting effect of P.quinquefolia in three-dimensional afforestingwas studied according to method of nuture sedimentation. The results of method of dipped inwater in indoor indicates that the four species have low pathogen-inhibition effects. Thedifference between the number of bacterial and epiphyte in the environment and control is noton significant level.3. Analytic hierarchy process was applied to evaluate Ornamental characteristic ofThree-dimensional afforesting plants, The result indicates that of the four is: P.henryana＞P.quinquefolia＞P. laetecirens＞＞P. tricuspidata.4. Analytic hierarchy process was applied to establish four evaluation models ofthree-dimensional afforesting plants in different space application in North China, and theevaluation was done on their application. P.tricuspidata and P.quinquefolia are very good plantspecies for urban microclimate vertical greening, ground cover under forests, slope protectionby vegetation, Semi-add environment barren hills greening in temperate monsoon zones.P.henryana is suitable ground cover in north urban microclimate.