Study On Quantitative Estimation Of Forest Volume In Shandong Based On "3S" Technology

As a specific issue the forest volume is not only an important index in forest resources, but also the field for astronautics remote sensing data application research as well. Along with the high spatial resolution remote sensing (RS) technique's development, geograph information system (GIS) and globle positioning system (GPS) (for short 3S) technology is popular in the fields as forest resources investigation and management application, many scientists in and out of China have been doing the research on how to reduce the ground investigation work with the aid of 3S and the integrated technology to estimate the forest volume. Many findings indicated that the remote sensing phantom load grey level and linear as well as the misalignment combination could be the quota factors to directly participate the equation estimation of the quantity for forest volume and they provide the great criterion possiblity for research on quantiy of forest volume.The author of the paper has consulted lot of domestic and foreign books about aspects of quantity estimation of forest volume, selected 15 TM remote sensing phantoms of Shandong in 2006, used type cruising data from ground place, and by method of multiple regression estimation, set up inversion model between the quantity of forest volume and the remote sensing grey level, the GIS information, carried on a large scale estimation for the quantity of volume in Shandong Province. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Good classified effect has achieved by choosing 30 meter spatial resolutions Landsat TM remote sensing data, unifiering the supervised classification with the expert classification and by mehod of man-machine interaction supplement interpretation to carry on the extraction and the classification to the forest cover plant information. Has interpreted those place types such as forested land, open forest land, shrub land , the relative error between interpret for forest land and the result by the seventh Shandong Province forest assessment is 5.06%, this result can satisfy to the forest resources value calculation request.(2) Through the Box-Cox transform, has obtained the reasonable model variable parameter. Using 542 samples gained from field operation, in range variable selection principles on ridge analytic method, residual mean sum of squares criterion, Cp criterion, AIC criterion and through the t-test to determine the independent variable in the participating model .Ideal quantity of forest volume regression model was set up by Box-Cox transformation to combinate voted variable.(3) By method of systematic sampling and the principal components analysis carried on an accurate estimation for the quantity of forest volume in Shandong Province, the total volume is 67,720,220 m3 by systematic sampling in Shandong province and the forecast precision is 83.24%. Based on the principal components analysis model to estimate that volume of forested land is 62,035,300 m3, the open forest land is 867,400 m3, four-side trees is 14,586,600 m3, the total volume for living trees estimation is 77,489,300 m3. Compared Continuous Forest Inventory with the seventh result in Shandong Province, the error for total quantity is for 1.88%, the forest land quantity error is 8.62%, the precision has achieved 91.38%. By comparing two results the estimation which is based on principal components analysis for the quantity of forest volume is more precise.(4) In the forest resources investigation, advanced ground investigation instruments such as RTK, the electronic angle gauge have been used for the first time to determine various parameters accuracy and provided a new technology for forestry investigation. RTK not only has carried on the accurate localization and the area to the extraction village, moreover from wide rang has adjusted grasping GPS pointing accuracy.The electronic angle gauge mearused the tree basal area of breast-height and height quickly through horizontal and vertical method.Paper innovation as followed:(1) Based on 3S technique to gain a comprehensive study on territory criterion in forest volum is not common, the author in this paper used 15 scenery TM remote sensing data from Shandong Province scope, has carried on the interpretion and classification to the related terrain type and estimated well the quantity of forest stock , Its result offers important basis for forest value calculation in Shandong province and has provided the new technology and method of 3S for forest volum estimation in great criterion.(2) Solves variable screening key technology in the process to build model by using remote sensing factor. To screen the variable, ridge analytic method, residual mean sum of squares criterion, the Cp criterion, the AIC criterion as well as Box-Cox transformation are used to make the original data satisfy the demand for linear regression model, has solved no high precison model caused by using remote sensing factor, this is also one of this research innovations.(3) Discussed the new application method of advanced instrument such as RTK, the electronic angle gauge and so on in forest resources investigation, which not only improve working efficiency, but provide new technology for forestry investigation.