The Game Quality Research About Atlantic Halibut Hippoglossus Hippoglossus And Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar

Game quality control as a basic issue for the development of fish aquaculture is intimately related to fertilization, embryo and larval developments. The main topic of this thesis is about quality determination of sperm and eggs from Atlantic halibut and Atlantic salmon. Development of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) aquaculture will be enhanced with cryopreservation of halibut sperm by ensuring a reliable supply of sperm of desired quality and quantity. To assist in its commercial application, the cryopreservation of large volumes of halibut sperm was investigated. In this research, by testing eight kinds of extenders, 10% or15% DMSO combined with HBSS or KS were proved to be optimal for the cryopreservation of Atlantic halibut sperm, an optimized protocol for the cryopreservation of Atlantic halibut sperm using a volume as large as 4 mL has been established by inspecting fertilization rate and motility of post-thawed sperm.During the broodstock breeding, the hormone of GnRHa is generally used to enhance the milt product during the end of spawning season. Combining the hormone using and cryopreservation will dramatically increase the efficiency of sperms application. In this research, the effect hormone implant on sperm cryopreservation was detected by comparing with the milt from no-implanted males. No significant difference was shown between the two groups, both implanted and no-implanted milt got the same fertilization rates and motility as fresh milt after cryopreservation. To test the effect of hormone implant on sperm composition, fatty acids analyzing of halibut sperm were conducted. The results showed that the essential fatty acids ( DHA, EPA, AA )and the ratio between important fatty acids series(n-3, n-6, PUFA, SAT) were not affected by the hormone implantation. DHA was the mainly fatty acid in halibut sperm with percentage of 25%.The PUFA content was around 44%. The changes between wild and captive Atlantic salmon has been noticed in parts of morphology, physical composition and genealogy. In this research, the quality of embryos of wild and captive salmon were compared to indicate their difference and to provide evidence for improving broodstock breeding conditions. The results showed that the fertilization rates of the two kinds of eggs has no significant difference, while the compositions of fatty acids ,carotenoids and mineral were different in many aspects. In those embryos, the most high percentage of fatty acids were 18:1n-9,22:6n-3,16:0,20:5n-3.PUFA was higher in captive embryos than in wild embryos, while MONO was lower in captive embryos. EPA 20:5n-3 and DHA 22:6n-3 were higher in wild embryos. Astoxanthin was lower in wild embryos with the contract result of canthaxanthin. The contents of several kinds of minerals ,like(aluminum,copper,iron,selenium, zinc)were higher in wild embryos ,especially copper. These kinds of difference between wild and captive embryos indicated that more attention should be paid on the nutrition condition of broodstocks to decrease the gaps and improve the eggs quality for culturing.