Genetic Analysis Elymus Canadensis, Elymus Sibiricus And Their Hybrids

The genetic relationships among E.canadansis, E.sibiricus and its hybrids were studied by quantitative characters,isozyme,cytology and RAPD markers.Results were as follows:1 F₁ was pure hybrid by EST isozyme and RAPD.Hybrids of E.canadensis and E.sibiricus were inclined to female parent E. canadansis. C₁â…¡was from F₁.C₁â…¡population was classified into three cluster by clustering analysis.One cluster was inclined to female parent;The other was inclined to male parent;Another was intermediate.2 Somatic chromosome number of C₀â…¡,C₁â…¡and C₁â… was 42 respectively,which was proved that the three kind of plants were originated from F₁. The hybrids were analysized by karyotype .Results verify the truth of F₁. But the structure of chromosome of hybrid F₁ were different from parents. We deduced the original of some F₁ chromosome by the chromosome parament. Results show No.of 8,9,11,12,13,14 chromosome of F₁ were originated from No.of 9,10,11,12,13,14 of male parent E.sibiricus.C₀â… chromosome were almost were originated from F₁. Compared with C₀â… ,C₁â… chromosome decreased 14 chromosomes .3 The hybrids were super to their parents in many agronomic characters,for example, growing periods,growth vigour ,height of plant,grass yield,leaf width and length and No.of tiller. Diameter of stem and No.of internode.4 Seven agronomic quantitatives traits were analyzed by genetic model of additive dominance and its interaction with enviorerment by QTwin-0.8-appraches. The results indicated that height of plant was mainly controlled by additive interaction with enviorerment effects and dominant interaction with enviorerment effects. Tiller , Diameter of stem , No.of internode, leaf width , leaf length and No.of spitelet were selected in early generation .because they were mainly controlled by additive effect. Grass yield and length of spite were mainly controlled by dominant effect.5 Fertility of pollen of F₁,C₁â… and C₁â…¡was so poor that they were pollen abortion.As a result their seed setting rate were very poor.Meiosis of pollen mother cells of C₁â… and C₁â…¡paired disorder, chromosome breakage and lagging chromosome was found. 6 Isozyme zymogram of EST,POD and SOD indicated that zymogram of EST,POD were different in different growth period.But there was no difference among zymogram of SOD.7 RAPD marker indicated that specific band could be seen in hybrids by PCR. Genetic distance among bybrids was very close.But Genetic distance between hybrids and female parent was closer than that of male parent.