Studies On Disciplinary Of Ovarian Activities In The Northeast Sika Deer Within Estrous Cycle

The experiment was done on Deer village Jinlin Province and Songhua Lake Experimental Forestry.85 female sika deer which was 4～5 aged,healthy and multiparous were selected.On the experimental deer,ovaries of 16 deer on anestrum(from early June to later August) and oestrum (from middle of September to middle of October) were collected and studied on histology.The rule of content of FSH,LH,E₂ and P₄ from 69 female deer's blood samples(from 20th September to 20th November) was studied.The data was analyzed by SPSS 11.0,and the graph was drawing by Microsoft Excel.The result showed as follows.1.The tissue of ovary was composed of germinal epithelium,albuginea,cortex and medulla. Germinal epithelium was monolayer cubic or columnar.The albuginea composed of connective tissue.Clearance of cortex was underdeveloped.The distribution of primordial follicle was even and agminate.There was much blood vessel on medulla.The diameter of oocyte and follicle from primordial follicle,primary follicle,secondary follicle,tertiary follicle and mature follicle was 27.72±7.35μm and 37.09±6.89μm,43.12±14.92μm and 86.18±20.47μm,85.125±17.39μm and 284.59±93.82μm,103.05±9.93μm and 993.61±542.05μm,127.5±3.54μm and 3500±2765.36μm, respectively.Ultrosonographic characters of ovaries were a little flat,mostly ellipse,with smooth and distinct edge and clear boundary line.There were different size of developmental follicles and corpus luteum during estrous cycle.Follicle displayed round black sign without echo.Corpus leteum was consisited of very small deep-grey and even granule.It changed to be strong reflection after degeneration.2.On the growth of follicle,follicular cell produced prominency which keeps touch with oocyte rightly.The size of follicle begin primordial follicle to tertiary follicle(1.5～3mm).The number of mitochondrion increased,and the cristae increased.Gogi body change to type,cortical granule increased,and moved behind cytolemma.The proportion of small,middle and large follicles on ovary were 92.51%(92.51±5.87),4.60%(4.60±4.91) and 2.88%(2.88±2.22) respectively.The average diameter of mature follicle was 7.17(7.17±3.1)mm.Small follicles was the foundation of follicle development.Different kinds of follicles showed dynamic changes and stable distribution of quantity and diameter during the whole eatrous cycle.3.The artesia exited on different phases.The artesia of primordial follicle and secondary was simple,and the follicle show dedifferentiation,and nucleolus become pycnotic and anamorphic. The phase of artesia was forepart,metaphase and anaphase. 4.The transparent zone formed when follcilar cell increased to 3-4 layers,and short and thick minute hair.A layer of whole transparent zone formed when the follcilar cell was more than 4 layers, and the minute hair change to long and dense.On the tertiary follicle,the minute hair began to change short and thick,and was leaved the transparent zone partially.5.Corpus leteum could been seen obviously on the ovary on the fifth day after ovulation in estrous cycle,which was of average diameter 4.5mm×7.5mm.On the fourth to seventh day before ovulation,corpus leteum developed to the maximum.The average diameter of it was 9.3mm×14mm,and changed to be 4.0mm×6.0mm on the second or third day before ovulation.6.After weaning(from the 2nd day to the 44th day),the mean concentration of FSH,LH,E₂ and P₄ were 2.01 mIU/ml,4.66mIU/ml,4.47pg/ml and 0.48ng/ml.FSH showed a peak(2.73±0.14 mIU/ml) on 8d,LH showed a peak(4.92±0.97 mIU/ml) on 8d,then showed fluctuant change.E₂ form a peak(34.55±15.25pg/ml) on 5d.P₄ decreased on lid from 2d(0.67±0.05ng/ml) significantly (P＜0.05),then there was not change significantly(P＞0.05).7.From 16d before estrus to 6d after estrus,the mean concentrations of FSH,LH,E₂ and P₄ were 2.62mIU/ml,6.46mIU/ml,3.38pg/ml and 0.61ng/ml.FSH increased from 16d to 10d before estrus,then keep stable stage,not show significant change on estrus(P＞0.05).LH began to increase from 12d before estrus,arrived peak on estrus(7.93±1.42mIU/ml,P＜0.05),and decreased to 5.28±0.37 mIU/ml(P＜0.05),then keep stable(P＞0.05).E₂ showed peak on 8d and 2d before estrus, and the peak value was higher than other time on 2d before estrus significantly(P＜0.05 or p＜0.01). P₄ concentration began to increase from 16d,then arrived peak(0.67±0.06ng/ml).And P₄ concentration decreased to the lowest value(0.58±0.80ng/ml,P＜0.05),then increased to 0.84±0.16ng/ml(P＜0.05).8.On 24d after estrus,the concentration of FSH,LH,E₂ and P₄ did not exit significant change, and the mean concentrations were 4.70±0.51mIU/ml,6.46±0.23mIU/ml,1.12±0.16pg/ml and 0.53±0.03ng/ml.9.The mean concentrations of FSH,LH,E₂ and P₄ were 1.60±0.66ng/ml,3.27±2.99mIU/ml, 6.47±4.28pg/m and 0.05±0.04ng/ml during earlier gestation(38d).FSH increased stably,and showed significant change on 14d with 30d,38d(P＜0.05),and the same on 20d with 24d,30d and 38d.LH decreased stably(P＞0.05).Besides a peak,E₂ show stable(P＞0.05).P₄ increased from rut, on 20d decreased,and arrived the lowest value on 26d(0.01±0.01ng/ml),then began to increase, and on 34d show a significant peak(0.14±0.037ng/ml,P＜0.01).10.On the three kind of stress of anesthesia,driving and restraint,several driving and restraint, the concentrations of LH,E₂,FSH and P₄ of the estrous deer were 3.06±0.21mIU/ml, 6.57±0.25mIU/ml and 8.83+1.90mIU/ml,0.42±0.12ng/ml,0.56±0.38ng/ml and 0.54±0.15ng/ml, 2.62±0.11mIU/ml,2.86±0.13mIU/ml and 2.55±0.29mIU/ml,1.35±0.32pg/ml,2.78±1.04ng/ml and 3.39±1.13ng/ml.With the intension of stress,LH increased.On anesthesia,P₄ was lower than the other stress.FSH and E₂ did not show significant change.On strong stress,the estrus of deer was restrained.