| In this paper,the chemical composition,attractant activity,pesticide activity and antibacterial activity of essential oil were studied from Solidago decurrens Lour., according to importance of biological pesticide and biological feed additive.These results are as follows.1.The compositions of essential oil were studied from S.decurrens Lour. Utilizing a method of hydrodistillation,0.41%of volatile oil was obtained from fresh leaf tissue of Solidago decurrens Lour.,collected from Zhejiang Province,as a traditional medical plant in China.Forty-eight constituents were identified by GC-MS analyses as the first report.The identified constituents represent 90.31%of the peak area of the volatile oil extracted from the fresh leaf tissue.Components characterized as terpenes and alcohols were found to be the major chemical constituents in the oil prepared from our experiment.The major constituents wereδ-elemene(21.73%),β-elemene(7.19%),Caryophyllene(10.88%),(E)-β-farnesene(5.75 %),(1.alpha.,4a.alpha.,8a.alpha.)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydro-7-methyl-4-methylene-1 -(1-methylethyl)-Naphthalene(3.24%),beta-Cadinen(6.30%),(-)-germacrene D(2.99%),beta-Panasinsene(4.57%),4,4,11,11-tetramethyl -7- Tetracyclo [6.2.1.0(3.8)0(3.9)]undecanol(6.16%).Two elemene compounds were found of high ratio of volatile oil from fresh leaf tissue of S.decurrens.2.The essential oil were tested for biological activity against adults of Tetranychus urticae Koch,second instar larvae of Prodenia litura Fabricius and Henosepilachna sparsa orientalis Dieke.The leaf-dipping method and leaf-dipping and pest-dipping method were used to evaluate the activity of the test samples.The essential oil from S.decurrens Lour.had acaricidal activity on adults of T.urticae and Polyphagotarsone-mus latus(Banks) to some extent.But it had no insecticidal activity on larvae of P.litura and nymphs of H.sparsa orientalis.3.The essential oil was tested for biological activity against neonatal chick on food intake via fumigation or Intraperitoneal(IP) injection or Intracerebroventricular(ICV) injection method for 2 hour after administration.Food intake was stimulated by dose-dependent within 100μl for 30 or 60 minute after fumigation administration. However,the 200μl and 400μl of dose showed no effect to feeding behavior of neonatal chick after fumigation administration.The food intake of neonatal chick was statistically different from that of the control for 30,60,90 and 120 minute after the injection with essential oil(0.5×10-3 ml/ml).However,there was not statistically different between the food intake of neonatal chick after the injection with essential oil(0.5×10-2 ml/ml) and that of control.1×10-2 ml/ml of doses of the essential oil significantly stimulated more food intake(about 1.5 folds) of neonatal chick than that of the control for 90 and 120 min after the ICV injection.1×10-3 ml/ml of doses of essential oil have not statistically enhanced more food intake of neonatal chick than that of the control after the ICV injection.1×10-3 ml/ml of dose of the essential oil has significantly increased the expression of NPY,Y1 and Y5 mRNA,and showed no effect to POMC and GLP-1 mRNA.1×10-2 ml/ml of dose of essential oil increased the expression of POMC and Y5 mRNA,but inhibited the expression of Y1 and Y5 mRNA.4.The essential oil has been separated by column chromatography in order to get theδ-elemene.The result has been analyzed by GC-MS and Remaining index methods in each step to track theδ-elemene.Finally 5ml sample was collected in which the concentration ofδ-elemene is 70.21%from the original 30 ml of essential oil.5.δ-elemene andβ-elemene were tested for biological activity against neonatal chick on food intake via fumigation or IP injection or ICV injection method for 2 hour after administration.In fumigation experiment,β-elemene has stimulated the food intake of the neonatal chick by dose-dependent for 30 min after fumigation administration.Patterns of food intake of the neonatal chick withδ-elemene administration were similar to those of the EO.In IP administration experiment,food intake was significantly stimulated by 1×10-3 ml/ml dose ofβ-elemene as compared with control for 60,90 and 120 minute after IP administration.On the other hand, 1×10-4 ml/ml of dose ofβ-elemene could significantly increase food intake of chicks for 90 minute after IP administration as compared with control.1×10-3 ml/ml of dose ofδ-elemene significantly increased food intake as compared with control for 30,60, 90 and 120 minute after IP administration.1×10-3 ml/ml of dose ofδ-elemene had more cumulative food intake(about 2.3 folds) than the control(P<0.05).In ICV experiment,Food intake of the neonatal chick was significantly increased(about 1.5 folds both) by 2×10-3 ml/ml and 2×10-4 ml/ml of dose ofβ-elemene for 90 and 120 minute after ICV injection withβ-elemene.2×10-4 ml/ml of dose ofδ-elemene significantly stimulated food intake of neonatal chick(about 1.6 and 1.5 folds respectively) for 90 and 120 minute after the ICV injection withδ-elemene.In the behavior experiment,β-elemene andδ-elemene have significantly increased cumulative distance moved and number of pecking in chicks after ICV injection. 2×10-4 ml/ml were significantly enhanced the expression of NPY,Y1 and Y5 mRNA as compared with control after ICV injection,and showed no effect to the expression of POMC and GLP-1 mRNA.2×10-3 ml/ml of dose ofβ-elemene only increased the expression of Y1 mRNA,and inhibited the expression of NPY and Y5 mRNA,and showed no effect to POMC and GLP-1 mRNA.2×10-3 ml/ml of dose ofδ-elemene significantly increased the expression of NPY,Y1 and Y5 mRNA as compared with that of control,and showed no effect to the expression of POMC and GLP-1 mRNA. 2×10-4 ml/ml of dose ofδ-elemene significantly increased the expression of POMC and GLP-1 mRNA,and inhibited the expression of Y1 and Y5 mRNA.Conclusion:δ-elemene andβ-elemene significantly have the attractant activity against neonatal chick within reasonable dose by affecting the expression of NPY,Y1,Y5,POMC and GLP-1 mRNA.
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