| Facility agriculture is a high technology industry, it developmented fast in these years, and it play an important part in west China environment protect, it could resolve the "agriculture, rural area and peasant " problems and protect the environment which obtianed by reuse farmland for grass and foreasty. The article aimed at the problems appeared in facility agriculture development, researched the influence of soil mulch and soil moisture content on capsicum yields, physiology and soil environment, to find a reasonable mulch practice and a suitable irrigation water content for facility capsicum production, to supply a scientific according for capsicum planting. The main results indicated as below:1. Discussed the capsicum water use efficiency, yields, quality and physiology characteristic, the soil nitrate-N and ammonum-N distributing characteristic, it proposaled that plastic film combined with straw mulchcould increase the water use efficiency and keep the facility soil sustainable development.Plastic film mulch and plastic film combined with straw mulch could improve the capsicum fruit quality. Mulch, especially plastic film combined with straw mulch could significantly increase the capsicum yields, water use efficiency and N-fertilizer use efficiency. Plastic film combined with straw mulch could reduce the soil nitrate-N and ammouioum-N content in the 0-20cm soil layer, decrease the latent risk of soil and water body pollution caused by soil N runoff.2. Studied the influence of different soil mulch on the capsicum physiological-biochemical characteristic, and lie a proposal that plastic film combined with straw mulch had strong adversity-resistant ability, it could creat a suitable environment for capsicum growth. Mulch could increase the capsicum leaf nitrate reductases activity. Plastic film mulch and plastic film combined with straw mulch could increase the leaf relative chlorophyll content, root system vigor and plant height, this was the foundation which these two kinds of mulching practices increase the capsicum yields. Plastic film combined with straw mulch could reduce the MDA activity and increased the POD and CAT activity significantly. Plastic film combined with straw mulch could significantly increase the capsicum leaf photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, Fv/Fm,∮PS2,∮CO2,, ETR, qP, qN and Fv'/Fm', creation advantageous environmental conditions for crops growth.3. Analysised the influence of former soil mulch on the onion biomass, yields, quality and soil environment, the results showed that former mulch could significantly increase the onion yields than control,but the difference was not significant among different mulch practices. As for the biomass, the highest one was former straw mulch, and the second was former plastic film combined with straw mulch. Former plastic film mulch culd significantly increase the onion Vc and soluble sugar content, but former mulching had no significant influence to the onion pH value. Former mulch practice obviously influenced the onion soil biological characteristic. The soil respiration in the treatment of former plastic film mulch and plastic film combined with straw mulch were higher than the other treatments, plastic film combined with straw mulch could significantly increase the soil urease activity, phosphatase activity and catalase activity, and former straw mulch could increase the soil invertase activity.4. To lie a soil moisture content proposal which to improve capsicum quality, increase yields and keep on the soil environmnt. The capsicum has highest yields and income when the soil relative moisture content at 70-80%, so that it had high yields water use efficiency and economic water use efficiency. The capsicum fruit Vc, soluble sugar and nitrate-N content decreased with the soil moisture content increasing, but the electrical conductivity and pH increased with the soil moisture content increaseing. The soil pH, electrical conductivity and available-K content were not significantly influenced by the soil moisture content. The soil available-N and nitrate-N content decreased with the soil moisture content increaseing, but soil organic matter content and phosphatase activity increased with the soil moisture content increaseing. soil respiration, soil urease activity and invertase activity increased with the soil moisture content increasing, but reached the higest activity when the soil relative moisture content at 80%. The catalase activity was not influenced by the soil moisture content. The root vigor, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency were highest when the soil moisture content at 80-90%. The capsicum leaf nitrate-N content, MDA, POD, and CAT activity were highest when the soil moisture content at 70-90%. Comprehensive considered capsicum yields, water use efficiency, fruit nutrition quality, food safety and health quality, soil physical and chemical characteristic, capsicum physiology and various factors,70-80% soil moisture content were the suitable soil moisture content for capsicum growth.
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