Effects Of Different Mulch Treatments On Soil Environment And Water Use Efficiency Of Spring Maize

Water resource is a basic natural resource and one of the important controlling factors of ecological environment.As a large agricultural province,Shandong Province is an important grain base in China.Due to the uneven spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation,the shortage of agricultural water has become a key factor limiting agricultural production in Shandong Province.Traditional plastic film mulching can play a good keep moisture storage effect,and excessive use of agricultural mulch on soil environment caused great harm,cause "white pollution",in order to explore more green,environmental protection and efficient way of covering cultivation tests using three different cover processing,are: ordinary PE plastic film mulching treatment,biodegradable plastic mulching,straw mulching,and bare land treatment,to explore different mulching treatment on soil environment,the influence of spring maize yield and water use efficiency.The results showed as follows :(1)Compared with the bare land control,straw mulching significantly increased the soil water content in 0-120 cm soil layer at the early growth stage of spring maize,and the water storage in 0-120 cm soil layer during the whole growth period of spring maize.(2)Both ordinary PE plastic film and biodegradable plastic film mulch can increase the surface soil temperature,and the improvement effect of ordinary PE plastic film mulch is better than that of biodegradable plastic film mulch,while straw mulch shows cooling effect.(3)The activities of soil urease,cellulase and catalase were increased by the two plastic film mulching treatments,and the activities of soil catalase,urease and neutral phosphatase were increased by straw mulching.The contents of soil organic carbon,available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen were increased by all mulching treatments,and there was no significant difference between the two mulching treatments.The contents of soil available potassium were decreased by all three mulching treatments compared with bare field treatments.(4)Three mulching treatments could significantly increase leaf area index(LAI)and shoot dry matter accumulation of spring maize.In the early growth stage of spring maize,the leaf area index(LAI)and dry matter accumulation of PE plastic film mulching were significantly higher than those of the other three treatments,and then the differences gradually decreased.In the late growth stage of spring maize,the LAI of straw mulching treatment increased gradually and was significantly higher than that of the other three treatments.(5)The three mulching treatments all increased the yield of spring maize in different degrees,among which the common PE mulching treatment increased by 21.01%,and the yield increased significantly,followed by the biodegradable mulching treatment,which increased by14.31%,and the straw mulching treatment,which only increased by 11.97%.(6)Compared with the bare field control,the WUE of PE mulching treatment increased by 41.25%,biodegradable mulching treatment increased by 29.11%,and straw mulching treatment increased by 21.03%.According to the test results,compared with the traditional non-mulching treatment,the mulching treatment can promote the growth and development of spring corn and achieve the effect of yield increase,and the effect of biodegradable mulching film on the growth and development of spring corn and soil environment is similar to that of ordinary PE mulching film.Therefore,biodegradable mulching film can replace ordinary PE mulching film to solve the problem of white pollution in farmland in the future.