Studies On The Learning Behavior And Orientation Training Of Scleroderma Sichuanensis Xiao For The Prevention And Control Of Monochamus Alternatus

Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao is a new species of parastitic wasps on longicorns,which was discovered in Lu county of Sichuan Province in 1994.The female Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao is the important natural enemy for the prevention and control of Semanotus bifasciatus(Motschulsky), Semanotus sinoauster Gressitt, Callidium villosulum Fairmaire, Clytus validus Fairmaire.because itshighly search ability and attack ability, widely host range, highly parasitic rate,short life cycle, higher fecundity, was an important natural enemy for controlling some medium-sized longicorns and other borring pests. However, prevention and control of Monochamus alternatus in the process, because of its are not familiar with the information of Monochamus alternatus and not meet on the habitat of Monochamus alternatus, as well as control effect is not good enough.In this paper, the control of Monochamus alternatus need to Forest Protection, the learning behavior and orientation training were systematically tested with the laboratory population of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao with substitute host tenebrio molitor L. in the provincial Key Laboratory of forest protection of Sichuan Agricultural University.The main results were as follow.(1) Phobotaxis of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao to Pinus massoniana Lamb was very significant, whereas on the selectivity of Monochamus alternatus larvae was not significant, but with the growth of age increased; their search success rate was only 9.17% to Monochamus alternatus larvae in artificial environment created of Pinus massoniana Lamb.(2) Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao have strong ability to learn, in the initial stage of eclosion, most of which 2 days of age.Through learning behavior to the Pinus massoniana Lamb smell and the information objects of Monochamus alternatus in the initial stage of eclosion. Its adaptability to Pinus massoniana Lamb were significantly increased, the phobotaxis to Pinus massoniana Lamb were significantly decreased; On the selectivity of Monochamus alternatus larvae also significantly increase; their search success rate increased to 38.33% to Monochamus alternatus larvae in artificial environment created of Pinus massoniana Lamb.(3) The learning memory of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao obtained by learning experiences in the initial stage of eclosion,only for 4 days,4 days later, a significant decline,this will brought some difficulties for learn behavior practical work of control Monochamus alternatus.(4) Cryopreservation help Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao preservation of learning ability, learning ability so strong for 10 days; but also can significantly delay the decline of learning memory, this providing the possibility. for learn behavior practical work of control Monochamus alternatus.(5) Uses two types of methods, that is, selective parasitism and forced parasitism,use Monochamus alternatus larvae to Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao for 3 generations of cultivation.Use the method of selective parasitism cultivated Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao for 3 generations, in its 4 days and 14 days to the adaptability to Pinus massoniana Lamb, the selectivity of Monochamus alternatus larvae and the search ability to Monochamus alternatus larvae in artificial environment created of Pinus massoniana Lamb have increase significantly,and with the deepening of cultivation, each generation growth; Use the method of forced parasitism cultivated Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao to the adaptability to Pinus massoniana Lamb, the selectivity of Monochamus alternatus larvae and the search ability to Monochamus alternatus larvae in artificial environment created of Pinus massoniana Lamb have increase significantly in 4 days old,but not with the deepening of cultivation, each generation growth; in 14 days old to the adaptability to Pinus massoniana Lamb, the selectivity of Monochamus alternatus larvae and the search ability to Monochamus alternatus larvae in artificial environment created of Pinus massoniana Lamb have no significant change.(6) The antennal sensilla of Sclerodermus sichuanensis use Monochamus alternatus larvae cultivated was scanned through electron microscope, which showed that the ultrastructure of sensilla placoclea and sensilla ampullaceal of some adults were deformed. The performance of the sensilla placoclea is shape the overall enlargement of sensilla, overflow discoid concave nest, the direction to the antenna end of an ear-like expansion of the additional structure; The performance of the sensilla placoclea ampullaceal is altar-shaped micro-sensor end into a blunt circular protrusion Department, the sensilla from the cone an irregular oval shape, some altar-shaped end to the antenna direction of the expansion also added an ear-shaped structure.The deformation of both sensilla phenomenon occurs,on the antennae of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao have strong search capabilities, and with search capabilities, and increasing.In summary, this paper Studies on the Learning behavior and orientation training of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao for the prevention and control of Monochamus alternatusget the following results of innovation:the first report of the effect of the cryopreservation to learning ability and learning memory; first discovered the links between changes of antennal sensilla of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao and search capabilities.