Epidemiological Screening Of Pregnancy Outcome In Patients With Genital Malformations And Abortion Of Female Genital Malformations In Adolescents

BACKGROUNDMalformations of female genital tract are the congenital maldevelopment of Mullerian ducts during the embryonic formation and differentiation process. The developmental anomalies mainly affect uterus, cervix or vagina, inducing a series of complicatins, like infertility, recurrent abortion and so on. They can also produce nagetive effects on patiens’ mental health and family life. However, there is still no data convincing enough towards the prevalence in genetal polulation about them. The study aims to explore the feasibility of screening genital tract malformations among female adolescents, and to analyze the influence of uterine malformation on pregnancy outcomes.METHODS124 patients with genital tract malformations were included. All of them match the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the balance principle,248 patients were selected into the control group, whose age frequencies were comparable to the experimental group. Information including age, uterus malformation classification and operation history was collected for the experimental group, while information including pregnancy outcomes and complications were collected for both the experimental and control group. This study compared the differences between the 2 groups in order to find the effects of operations on outcomes, furthermore, this study utilized transabodominal ultrasound to screen genital tract malformations among 346 middle school female students.RESULTSIn the experimental group, uterus septus occupies a proportion of 63.7%, the rest malformation types occupy 5%to 11%. The spontaneous abortion rate of the experimental group is significantly higher than the control group (41.9% vs 6.9%, p<0.05), and so is the etopic pregnancy rate (7.2% vs 2%, p<0.05). Among all the mothers alive, the rates of premature delivery (17.7% vs 4.4%, p<0.05), abnormal fetal position (29% vs 4.4%, p<0.05) and fetal growth retardation (8.1% vs 1.3%, p<0.05) in the experimantal group are all significantly higher than control group. Patients with uterus malformation earned a significantly higher live birth rate after accepting metroplasty than patients without the operation. The epidemiological screening revealed a incidence rate of 0.9% for genital tract malformations in 346 middle school female students.CONCLUSIONSThe most common uterus malformation accompaning pregnancy is uterus septus. Uterus malformation adds to higher risks of spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, premature delivery and other adverse pregnancy events, and also adds to incidences of abnormal fetus position and fetal growth retardation. Metroplasty can increase live birth rates in patients with uterus malformation. Transabdominal ultrasound is a feasible epidemiological methodology for screening genital tract malformation. The detection rate of genital tract malformation in this research center was 0.9%.