Biocompatibility Of Mineralized Collagen And Adipose - Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells And Its Effect On Osteogenic Differentiation

Background:Despite the regeneration and healing capacity of bone tissue, it is insufficient to compensate a loss of large bone mass caused by pathological fracture or trauma and etc. Other factors such as blood supply disorder, infection and systematic diseases will, to some degree, increase the difficulty of treatment as well. Bone grafts can be divided into autograft bone, allograft bone and bone graft substitutes. The clinical application of autograft bone and allografts bone is limited because of their respective drawbacks. Therefore, bone graft substitutes are becoming the research focus in the field of regenerative medicine. Mineralized collagen (MC) is a biomimetic composite material simulating the chemical composition and microstructure of bone matrix. Rare studies have been reported on investigating the effects of MC on human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). The purpose of this study was to compare the biocompatibility and osteogenic effects of MC, type â…  collagen and hydroxyapatite on hADSCs.Method:After the preparation of the disks made of MC, type â…  collagen and hydroxyapatite, we utilized X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify the phase composition and molecular structure of the disks. Contact angle was applied to evaluate the wettability while environment scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was applied to observe the material surface as well as the attachment and growing condition of cells. We used WST-8 to observe the cell proliferation, detected the ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity to test the early stage of osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs and applied real time PCR to compare the expression of osteogenesis marker genes.Result:MC had similar chemical composition and microstructure to natural bone matrix, on which hADSCs demonstrated good attachment and growing behavior. Compared with type â…  collagen and hydroxyapatite, MC was more favorable for the proliferation of hADSCs, and the expression of the osteogenic differentiation marker genes including early (RUNX2, ALP, COL1A1) and late (IBSP, OCN, OPN) stage had elevated to varying degrees.Conclusion: Our research suggested that compared with type â…  collagen and hydroxyapatite, MC performed better in biocompatibility and osteogenic ability on hADSCs. Its combined utilization with hADSCs has potential application value in the field of bone tissue engineering.