Air Pollution And Lung Health

Objective:The aim was to explore the relationship between air pollution and lung function in China, which has significantly high air pollution level. Simultaneously, we tried to find if the air pollutants concentration’s scatter degree can be used as a predictor of the influence of air pollution exposure on lung function.Method:We matched demographic data and lung function data from the China National Health Survey (CNHS) which was the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-year Plan Period with air pollution data from National Air Pollution Monitoring Network. We utilized multiple linear regression to adjust gender, age, height, weight and pulmonary disease, and explore the relationship between air pollution and lung function in both acute and chronic dimension.Result:In chronic group, standard deviation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and coefficient of variation of constituent particles of particulate matter which is less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), constituent particles of particulate matter which is less than 10 μm in diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), NO2, Air Quality Index (AQI) had significantly negative correlations with forced vital capacity (FVC). Mean value of carbon monoxide (CO) and standard deviation of NO2, O3, CO and coefficient of variation of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, AQI had significantly negative correlations with forced expiratory volume in1 second (FEV1). Mean value of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, AQI, standard deviation of AQI, coefficient of variation of O3 had significantly negative correlations with FEV1/FVC. It’s worth noting that mean value of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, AQI had positive correlations with FVC and FEV1. About half of thses correlations is significant, and the correlations with FVC is stronger than the correlations with FEV1, which lead to the negative correlations with FEV1/FVC.In acute group, mean value of NO2, CO, standard deviation of PM10, NO2, O3, AQI, coefficient of variation of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, O3, AQI had significantly negative correlation with FVC. Mean value of NO2, standard deviation of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, O3, AQI, coefficient of variation of PM2.5, PM10, O3, AQI had significantly negative correlations with FEV1.Conclusion:Mean value of CO in chronic group and mean value of NO2, CO in acute group had significantly negative correlations with lung function. On the other hand, no matter in acute or chronic dimension, we found significantly and widely negative correlations between scatter degree of air pollutants’ concentration (hourly level) and lung function, especially the coefficient of variation. The correlation’s consistency of coefficient of variation between different groups and pollutants were much better than the correlation’s consistency of mean value. This conclusion is meaningful for reducing the harming of air pollution but also need more exploration.Objective:Air pollution level in China is apparently higher than the Western world. Most researches about air pollution and lung cancer were finished in the Western world. This study aimed at revealing the relevance of air pollution and lung cancer incidence in China.Method:We collected lung cancer incidence data from Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report, collected mean values of annual air pollutants concentration from China Environment Yearbook, collected confounding factors data from local yearbooks. We calculated the mean values of annual air pollutants concentration and confounding factors data of 4 and 6 years before incidence date, which was independent variables. Lung cancer incidence was dependent variable. At last, we analyzed the relevance of air pollution and lung cancer by multiple linear regression.Result:Most relevance between air pollution and lung cancer incidence was not statistically significant. In the woman’s group, no matter the mean values of total suspended particulate (TSP), sulfur dioxide (SO2) or dust fall content of 4 or 6 years, they had statistically significant positive correlation with lung cancer incidence. In the woman’s 4 years’group, every TSP’s 1mg/m3 increase was accompanied by incidence’s 17.65/105 (95% CI:3.61-31.69, p=0.01) increase, every SO2’s 1mg/m3 increase was accompanied by incidence’s 111.62/105(95%CI: 32.43-190.81, p=0.01) increase, every dust fall content’s 10 kilotons/km2/month increase was accompanied by incidence’s 0.35/105 (95% CI:0.15-0.55, p=0.00) increase. In the woman’s 6 years’group, every TSP’s 1mg/m3 increase was accompanied by incidence’s 20.10/105 (95%CI:5.98-34.22, p=0.01) increase, every SCte’s 1 mg/m3 increase was accompanied by incidence’s 106.03/105 (95% CI: 34.90-177.16, p=0.00) increase, every dust fall content’s 10 kilotons/km2/month increase was accompanied by incidence’s 0.37/105 (95% CI:0.19-0.55, p=0.00) increase. Similar correlations were found in man’s group, but without statistically significance.Conclusion:After adjusting confounding factors like smoking and diet, we found Chinese woman’s lung cancer incidence was significantly positive correlated with TSP, SO2 and dust fall content.