| Osteoporosis is a multicause disease, the incidence of osteoporosis is affected by many risk factors, such as age, gender, race, ethnic groups, environment and life-style, but what factor is dominant and how they act upon each other is not clear. China have the most population hi the world, of those old people is one-fifth of the sum all over the world. In almost 100, 000, 000 aged persons, about 63, 000, 000 have got osteoporosis hi variant severity. It is necessary to investigate the role of osteoporosis varied with age or menstruation and many related high-risk factors.To find the pathogenic gene is a new way for osteoporosis in which we can find the direct pathogeny and sensitive gene marker, to forecast the risk of osteoporotic fractures, to find new gene clone molecule, and empolder new drugs to prevent bone loss and reverse the course of osteoporosis.In my studies, four objects will be discussed: 1) the use of QUS in general investigation and disgnosis of osteoporosis; 2) the role of osteoporosis about incidence, bone mass, bone loss and some related risk factors in Tibetan women in gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture, gansu province; 3) establishment of peak bone mass in Tibetan women and providing of basic data for diagnostic criteria; 4) finding the risk factors; 5) verifying PCR-RFLP polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor and calcitonin receptor gene in order to find out the association between BMD and genotypes.Part I Studies on Bone Mass of Tibetan Women by Quantitative UltrasonometryObjective: To study the value of Quantitative Ultrasonometry (QUS) in diagnosis of osteoporosis and the changes of the parameters of QUS and incidence of osteoporosis in normal Tibetan women. Methods: Ultrasound parameters were measured hi right calcaneus of 208 subjects (age 12-74 years), including broadband ultrasound attenuation(BUA, dB/MHz), speed of sound (SOS, m/s) and stiffness index (STI). Results: Mean bone peak was observed in those of 30-39 years old. The ultrasound parameters reduced markedly hi the 40-, 50- and over60 age groups; the difference were significant between any one group of them and the 30- age group, and between any two groups of them (P<0.05). The incidence of osteoporosis for the 40-, 50- and 60- age group was 11.76%, 22.58% and 34.09% respectively. BUA was the most sensitive parameter in accessing the changes in various age group; and BUA and STI were similar in detecting the incidences of OP, both higher than those by SOS. Conclusions: BUA, SOS and STI can be used in detecting bone loss and osteoporosis; BUA is the most sensitive parameter.Part II Establishment of peak bone mass by QUS in Tibetan womenObjective: To establish the peak bone mass and analyze the possible lifestyle determinants. Methods: A total of 170 healthy females aged 24-42 years were selected to participate in the bone mass detection by QUS, and all subjects completed a questionnaire to obtain information on lifestyle. Results: The peak bone mass was seen in 32-33 year old group, BUA, SOS and STI is 67.3±2.2, 1543.6±5.6 and 57.3±2.0 respectively. Conclusions: The peak bone mass (PBM) in Tibetan women may be higher than those Han nationality due to higher movement, higher Ca+ intake and higher avoirdupois.Part III Studies on bone loss with age of Tibetan and Han women by quantitative ultrasonometryObjective: To study changes of the parameters of quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) and bone loss with age in normal Tibetan and Han women. Methods: Ultrasound parameters were measured in right calcaneus of 251 Han women (age 20-83) and 176 Tibetan women (age 20-74 years), including broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA, dB/MHz), speed of sound (SOS, m/s) and stiffness index (STI). Results: Mean bone peak (MBP) was observed in those of 30-39 years old hi Tibetan women. The ultrasound parameters reduced markedly in the 40-, 50- and over60 age groups; the difference were significant between any one group of them and the 30- age group, and between any two groups of them (P<0.05). The rate of...
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