Study On The Microbiological Transformation Of Ginsenoside

Ginsenoside is one of main active components in Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium has major physiological activity of ginseng radix, which are proved by modern medicine and pharmacology. By far about 50 ginsenoside chemical structures have been isolated and identified. They generally have the functions of adjustment of immunity system, lowering cholesterol in blood serum, precaution of cardiovascular diseases, anti-inflammation, detoxifcation, etc. Now many kinds of mono-ginsenosides are obtained and used as medicines to meet clinic demands only by different predisposal process such as physiology, chemistry and zymolysis, isolation, purification after the extraction of total ginsenoside from ginseng's radix, stem, leaf, follower and fruit because they cann't be obtained by chemosynthesis yet. Domestic and international chemists, pharmic reseachers and biological technology engineers are probing zealously into the engineering of structure modification of ginsenoside for obtaining rare high medicinal value ginsenosides such as Rh2. Rg3 and aim to modify sacchariferous structures of C3 and C20 of protopanaxdiol ginsenoside in order to transform directionally into high content rare ginsenoside Rli2, Rhi, Rga by hydrolyzing protopanaxdiol ginsenosides such as Ra, Rb , Rc , Rd in Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius in which enzyme hydrolyzation is major measure. China scientists have made a breakthrough progress in this technique. For instance, the technology of rare ginsenoside Rh2 manufacture by enzyme transformation invented by professor Jin of College of Dalian Light Industry won the second prize of the state progress and invention of science and technology in 2003.In the past research of ginsenoside structures modification, scientists selected low microbe as their biological system, protopanaxdiol ginsenosides as their initial substance, enzyme hydrolyzation as major measure and the major target compound is ginsenoside Rh.2.The project used special tactics that are different from the past ones to study on the microbial transformation of ginsenoside. Firstly, the extraction of Panax quinquefolius' radix was selected as initial substance. Secondly, the hyphae of large edible and medicinal fungi were selected as transformation microbe whose merit is specific species of fungi, broad sources, easyly screening, high active decomposition, high contents, nontoxic product. Thirdly, both initial substance and the hyphae were cultivated together, which has become preferred method of transform and synthesis of target compound and structure optimization of active compound. Finally, target compound is new ginseng product.The change of ginsenoside content of different extraction of solid state fermentation products of Panax quinquefolius' radix and the liquid fermentation products of the extraction of Panax quinquefolius' radix were determined. The results show that firstly, protopanaxdiol ginsenoside Rbi transforms into ginsenoside Rd and ginsenoside Compound K in fermentation prophase .Secondly, the content of protopanaxdiol ginsenoside Rb2NRc and protopanaxtriol ginsenoside Rg1.Re .hold the line, namely they weren't transformed into new compounds by microbe fermentation. Finally, ginsenoside Rli2,Rg3,PPD and PPT wasn't detected in the fermentation products.Scientists focus only on the sort and the content of products whereas the content changes are never reported in the process of the transformation of protopanaxdiol ginsenoside and protopanaxdiol ginsenoside no matter what kind of method of rare ginsenoside synthesization byenzyme or transform by liquid fermentation, which lead to subjectivity in study on the mechanism of transform reaction to some extent. The project detect the changes of the content and the compound of protopanaxdiol ginsenoside and protopanaxtriol ginsenoside in different phases under different fermentation ways and deduce firstly and objectively that the transformation course of protopanaxdiol ginsenoside in this condition is G Rb1G RG Compound K.The study on pharmacology of products of g...