| 1. Research Objectives and SignificanceThe health supervision system is the public health system important constituent, because it is important guarantee of carrying out the health laws and regulations of the state, maintaining the order of public health and the medical service, protecting the people health, and promoting the harmonious development of economy and society.But at the present, there are many problems in the health supervision of our country, for example, its development is not balanced, the quality of surveillance is bad and the rate is low, the working quality is not high, the depth and the span of surveillance is insufficient, and the health supervision can not adapt to the changes of circumstances and meet the needs of people's healthy, especially the multitudinous new situation and the question coming from the process of organizational reform of the health supervision. It needs the researcher and policy-maker's cooperate effort to solve these multitudinous problems, but the factors affecting the formation of these questions is numerous and diverse, and the progress of the research of each question is not the same.The difficulty for the researchers to grasp the latent blank of the research is enormous, and it is difficult for the policy-makers to hold the entry cut of solving the problem rapidly, the research and policy-making both sides lacks the coordinated diligently direction and the goal.The purpose of this research is to in view of the multitudinous questions of function realization in the health supervision of our country, clear about the first solution order of these questions, study and demonstrate the focal point question of urgent solution and the status quo of these researches. From the researcher's point of view, provide the reference for grasping the research key, the hot spot and the blank; From the policy-maker's point of view, study the degree of the attention of these key questions, and the degree of the solution, the barrier and the technical flaw of these questions, provide the elicitation of solving these problems for the policy-makers. In this foundation, further discuss the root and the function mechanism of the focal point question, and the countermeasure and the plan in view of the root.2. Research Methodologies"A Scientific Policy-Making Procedure" established by research team was selected as the supervising research method for this project. "A Macro-Model of Health System" was used to provide the systematic thinking of this research. "The Gap Analysis Method" was chose to supervise the outline of research contents.At the same times, most of main viewpoints gained from the process of research were demonstrated qualitatively and quantitatively.Data-collected methods include meta analysis, group discussion, routine statistic data, health service and intention survey, etc. This project surveyed and collected data from 201 organs and 358 managers ,712 employees of 18 counties ,18 cities, and 6 provinces based on a random sampling principle. The tests showed that the collected data had acceptable quality.3. Main Research Results(1) Systemic collection and definition the existent questions in the domain of our country's health ipervisionThe system of the health supervision law of our country approximately includes four major parts: the organization and execution of the health supervision work, the synthesis management of execution of the health supervision law, the surveillance and inspection of the execution of hygienic law as well as the system constructs of the execution of hygienic law.By the intensive reading of the literature, on the foundation of the comprehensive collection and the recording of the question indicates which have wide divided opinions, carries on the summary induction in this, initially obtains the existent questions in the domain of the health supervision in our country which approximately include 55 kinds. According to the "submodule - concept - target" dimension which is provided from" sanitation system macroscopic model ", these questions of 55 kinds may further conclude 32 kinds, and form the question system.(2) Health supervision manpower quality somewhat low strategy researcha) To question proofThe health supervision troop overall quality somewhat low mainly manifests to the school record, the title is somewhat low, the law enforcement level error, the troop overall service quality is not high, the training education becomes a mere formality, goal and content not standard and so on several aspects. The distinction intention has carried on the proof to the investigation and the special investigation and study as well as the national health organization data to these performance.b) Causes the health supervision manpower quality low root and the function mechanism discussion Logical relations and order has which based on the sanitation system submodule between, mayapproximately sum up to our country health supervision manpower quality somewhat low formation mechanism as follows: Because the health supervision social value locates lowly, the specialized technical personnel service value cannot obtain manifests, as well as the present human affairs distribution system is unreasonable, the wages determination stresses factor and so on age title qualifications and records of service, the bonus assignment emphasis economy creates income the target, to responsibility, technical, risk factorconsideration less, takes the degree the outstanding talented person to be insufficient. On the one hand the health supervision organization attracts the outstanding talented person with difficulty, and the inherent talented person has drains; Beginning on the other hand, for the enrichment health supervision troop, especially the basic unit health supervision organization had been established, the massive non- specialized technical personnel wells up into. Because the pay scale difference has not pulled open, the mess, the egalitarianism phenomenon is serious, the wages assignment lacks the drive function, the effective strength does not pay great attention to own quality the enhancement.At the same time, (l)it is imperfect that the health supervision own control system, like the finance compensates, the inspection appraisal and the management monitoring system; (2) Joins the World Trade Organization and the globalization to the health supervision proposed a higher request and the challenge, the health supervision surface broad duty is heavy; (3) the market economy high interest, competitiveness and the open influence, the partial health supervision organization and the health supervision personnel works emphasizes creates income, stresses the examination and approval charge, busily takes into consideration or does not pay great attention to own quality the enhancement.Thus, to the health supervision law enforcement process, the social image as well as the social healthy result forms many harms: In the daily surveillance management, the partial supervisors violate the procedure abuse of power, the health supervision society shape aberration, many health supervision work does not have the quality to be possible to say, the public place unit people in charge to the health supervision working efficiency, the inspector general monitor the expense degree of satisfaction to be lower. It is low in the percent of overlay in Health supervision, the surveillance monitors the work the depth and the breadth is insufficient, technical guidance when, does not arrive, the prevention health surveillance cannot obtain develops well. Between the specialty, the city and countryside as well as the area works the development not to be balanced, is urged the economic, to food, health correlation product and place surveillance frequency high, but to the medical politics surveillance, the infectious disease, the emission health, the potable water health and so on surveillance management dynamics is insufficient, satisfies the environment and the health with difficulty to the health supervision request.The above question appearance, inevitably can bring in social all quarters, like administrative law enforcement department and so on government, enterprise, consumer as well as industry and commerce, environmental protection, medicine jail, quality surveillance to the health supervision disaffection and the accusation, the worsening health supervision organization survival and the development environment, like alleviates compensates, to food, the cosmetics surveillance management will hand over by the medicine supervises the department and so on, and further to social position and so on health supervision value localization and personnel treatment will have the influence, will form the vicious circle.The comprehensive all quarters intention and the proof, our country health supervision troop overall quality somewhat low root may sum up for the social value locates, the human affairs distribution system lowly imperfect (assignment essential factor is unreasonable, rank difference has pulled open).c) Solution of health supervision manpower quality low strategy mentality and feasible proofBased on the present our country health supervision domain manpower overall quality somewhat low root and the main form factor, carry on the corresponding distribution system the reform, the goal is located low, the assignment essential factor in the elimination health supervision personnel's social value unreasonable and the grading excessively small and so on in the question foundation, forms detains and attracts the talented person, rational flow of human resources, the effective drive and the restraint mechanism.Fist. Social value appraisalAccording to investigates, 77.3% health supervisions organization leadership and 83.9% staff hoped obtains with the official suitable economic status, and the expectation change wage level cannot reflect its market value the realistic condition. And the hope reflected occupation high-tech content and noble character danger nature, obtains social the approval.Second, Definite income constitutionThe definite health supervision personnel's income constitutes as well as determined each constituent part occupies appropriate proportion one of for strategy mentality essential technical, In in the health supervision organization leadership which investigates, must include the base pay, the post wages, the seniority wages and the achievements wages four parts to wages in (approval proportion respectively is 83.7%, 96.1%, 93.1%, 97.0%). According to investigates, each part of income account for the gross income the proportion respectively are: 26 ~ 30%, 40 ~ 50%, 5 ~ 10%, 10 ~ 20%.Third, Assignment essential factor determinationFollows the policy goal and the principle, the model overseas assignment essential factor as well as the domestic reform experience, the definite health supervision organization post wages rank refers to nine big essential factors: The communication stratification plane and the ability, the post which post which to the knowledge and the skill request, the post responsibility and the pressure, the post needs the analysis and the synthetic judgement ability, the post work complex work complex degree, the post influence and the scope, the post need to the physical strength request the innovation ability, the post existence risk existence risk which to physical strength request, post needs.Fourth, Definite income rank differenceAccording to investigates, the health supervision organization leadership thought much is lowest income 1 ~ 5 times for is suitable in unit's highest income, the approval proportion is 77.4%.d) The plan surveys the result...
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