Studies On The Secondary Metabolites Of Saussurea Lappa And Two Marine Organisms

The present thesis introduces the application of Pyricularia oryzae bioassay for screening antitumor agents to rich sources of medicinal plants. The activities of ethanol and aqueous extracts from 53 species of medicinal plants belonging to 41 families have been tested. Ethanol extracts of four medicinal plants (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr, Bolbostemma paniculatum(Maxim) Franguet, Dolomiaea souliei(Franch.) Shih, Saussurea lappa C.B Clarke) belonging to three families induced morphological deformations of mycelica of P.oryzae. Ethanol extracts of three medicinal plants (Commiphora myrrha Engl, Lygodium japonicum(Thunb) Sw, Cordyline fruticosa(L) cheval) belonging to three families exhibited inhibitory activities on conidia germination and mycelium growth of P.oryzae. The ethanol extract of the root of Saussurea lappa C.B Clarke showed the strongest activity among all the tested samples.By the use of several kinds of chromatography such as macroporous resin, Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, reversed MPLC and LPLC, reversed HPLC, twenty compounds and one mixture were isolated from Saussurea lappa. By means of physical and chemical evidence and spectral methods, seventeen compounds of them were identified as: (1) 13-sulfo-dihydrodehydrocostus lactone, (2) 13-sulfo-dihydrosantamarine, (3) 13-sulfo-dihydroreynosin, (4) dihydro-α-cyclocostunolide, (5) dehydrocostus lactone, (6) costunolide, (7) arbusculin A, (8) 8, 8'-dihydroxypinoresinol, (9) 3, 5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, (10) 5-hydroxymethyl-furaldehyde, (11) betulin, (12) β-sitosterol, (13) daucosterol, (14) 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)-2, 3-dihydroxypropyl ester, (15) n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside, (16) methyl-α-D-fructofuranoside, (17) succinic acid. (18) The mixture is mixture of β-D-fructofuranose (18a) and β-D-fructopyranose (18b). Besides, through the method of GC-MS, six compounds were detected and determined from the volatile oils of Saussurea lappa. They are (Ⅰ) α-ionone, (Ⅱ) β-selinene, (Ⅲ) curcumene, (Ⅳ) β-caryophyllene, (Ⅴ) dihydro-α-ionone, (Ⅵ) β-elemene. Among them, three compounds named as 1, 2, 3, were new and rare compounds containing the sulfonic acid group. Compound 4 was a new natural product. Compounds 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17 were isolated...