An Experimental Study Of Early Injury Characteristics And Mechanism Of Associated Damages In Oral And Maxillofacial High-Energy Firearms Wound

PURPOSE: Oral and maxillofacial firearm wounds are common either in wartime or in peacetime. Following development of modern conventional weapons toward high velocity and small mass, widely use of high-energy explosive weapons, and helmet and bullet- proof vest protection, the incidence of oral and maxillofacial firearms wounds is increased obviously, having be reached over 10% in some regional conflicts, and the wounds is more severe and more complex. An important characteristic of modern firearm wounds is multiple damages. Besides regional serious injury, there are still adjacent and distant organs associated severe injuries which is a hiden danger and have become an important problem in wound ballistics study. In recent year maxillofacial firearm wounds studies focused on regional characteristics of injury and related problems of early repair of defects. The types of wounded animal model were still unitary. Because of special anatomic and physiological distinguishing features, special wound ballistic characteristics and managements peculiar to oral and maxillofacial firearm wounds exist certainly. So this experiment established different types of animal model in oral and maxillofacial firearms wound through pathomorphological, pathophysiological and biomechanic methods to investigate the early injury characteristics, mechanism and clinical significances of associated injuries ( focus on associated cerebral injury characteristics and mechanisms, the pathological changes of other adjacent and distant organs were studied at same time.).MATERIALS and METHODS: The maxillary and mandibular regions of 60 dogs ( 50 were wounded, 10 were as control.) and 40 pig's head were wounded by 1.03g steel spheres with impacting velocities of 850m/s and 1400m/s, 5.56mm Model M193 and 7.62mm Model 56 bullets, or Model 8 cardboard...