| Mazoplasia, which is a very common breast diseases in women, is categorized into "Ru Pi " in traditional Chinese medicine. It is terrible harm to women's health for it is shown more and more high rate of attack and some maybe changed to breast cancer. The therapeutic effectiveness of acpuncture and moxibustion in treating mazoplasia is satisfying and secure. In order to further investigate the action mechanism of acpuncture and moxibustion in treating mazoplasia, studis on the following aspects have been carried out in this thesis .1. Literature researchFor further investigate the action mechanism of acpuncture in animal experiment, based on literatures from modern medical researches and ancient Chinese medicine documents, the mazoplasia is studied by summarizing and analyzing its cause and pathology ,as well as the latest therapeutic research results and developments on the disease by modern medicine, traditional Chinese medicine and acpuncture and moxibustion.1.1 Modern medicine. The physiological and pathological changes of the mammary glands are synthetically reglated by the axis of hypothalamus- pituitary- ovary and other endocrine gland specially for the hormone of ovary. In menstruate effecting by estrogen and progesterone, the recurrent changes of hyperplasia and redintegration .which is the physiological foundation in the cause of mazoplasia, is occurred in the mammary glands alikely the endometrium. The essential of the disease is that the abnormity in quantity and conformation is occurred in the breast tissue because of by deficient redintegration after hyperplasia of mammary glands. Now it is known that the maladjustment of endocrine system. When the level of estrogen is comparatively higher while progesterone lower, the hyperplasia of mammary glands tissues are unduly catalyzed by estrogen and scantly protected by progesterone. Estrege is a very importon factor that influences happening, developing and finaling in mazoplasia. According to the theory of breast cancer gradually happen, from normal epithelia to cancer cells are goes through several steps from benign hyperplasia to cellular denaturalization, from atypical hyperplasia , precancerous chages to breast cancer. The abnormal of regulating cellular genes mutation is key in this process.According as it, active treating mazoplasia is indispensable to prevent breast cancer. 1.2 Traditional Chinese medicine. The growth, and withering of breast are controled by Five Zang organs, especially kidney, spleen- stomach and liver. Breast widely contact with meridian systems especially Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yangming, Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shaoyin , Liver meridian of Foot-Jueyin, Chong Meridian and Ren Meridian, wnich is layed a substantial foundation for treating mazoplasia with external therapeutics inclusive acpuncture and moxibustion, massage and plaster. Ru Pi is a kind of diseases that is based on the deficiency of kidney and liver and the maladjustment Chong Meridian and Ren Meridian., but that is become apparent Qi blocking, blood stagnating and phlegm fouling. So liver depressed and Qi blocking, blood stagnating and phlegm fouling in breast meridian are its pathogenesis. Great experiences have been gotten on the treatment of mazoplasia with traditional Chinese medicine inclose acpuncture and moxibustion. The principles of treatment are reduced to three aspects: as early as treating to prevent cancer, combining support Zheng Qi and remove evils, treatment from inside and external. The action mechanism of acpuncture and moxibustion in treating mazoplasia are mostly focused on tectology, hormone and hormone receptor. On reserches about these it is showen that the levels of serum hormones for example E2 in patients and the expression of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor in animal experiments are influenced by acpuncture and Chinese herbs. 2 Experimental researchRat model of mazoplasia was induced by stimulation of abnormal hormone in this study. Seting about the clues of estrogen, estrogen receptor, estrogen signal transduction system (MAPK pathways in nongenomic signaling), we observed the effect of acpuncture on serum estrogen (E2 ),the histological structure of mammary glands, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) and epithelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS ) in rat's mammary glands with the methods of the tectology, radioimmunoassay and immunohistochimcal technique. The results are as follows. 2.1 The height of teats all modeled rats were obviously increased than the normal control group (NC group) especially for the model control group (MC group) and its change compared with the NC group was markedly significant (P< 0.01). Orderliness range epithelia in the catheters of mammary glands, no dilatation in the acinus's cavities and catheters as well as few lobule and acinus were observed in the NC group. But in the MC group abnormity epithelia of mammary glands, obviously dilatation in the acinus's cavities and catheters ,and obviously increase acinus also were observed. It is showm that mazoplasia can be induced by stimulation of excessive estrogen and this model issuccessful.2.2 In the acpuncture treated group (AT group ) it was observed that epithelia in the catheters of mammary glands generally orderlinessly ranged, and compared with the MC group the differences had statistical significant on all observational targetes: the height of teats (P<0.05 ), the numbers of lobule of mammary glands (P<0.05 ), the diameters of acinus's cavities and catheters (P<0.01). It is showm that acpuncture treatment can inhibit the degrees of mazoplasia induced by excessive estrogen.2.3 The levels of serum E2 of all modeled rats were obviously increased than the NC group especially for the MC group was the most one of them and its change compared with the NC group was markedly significant (P< 0.01). While in the AT group and the western medicine treated group (WM group) the levels of serum E2 were descended compared with the MC group (P< 0.05 ).2.4 The expression of ER of all modeled rats were generally increased than the NC group especially for the MC group was the most one of them( P< 0.01), the AT group second(P< 0.05 )and the WM group lowest (P< 0.05 ). Compared with the MC group the expression of ER in the AT group and the WM group were lower (P< 0.01).2.5 The expression of ERK of all modeled rats were generally increased than the NC group especially for the MC group was the most one of them( P< 0.01), the AT group second (P< 0.05 )and the WM group lowest (P< 0.05 ). Compared with the MC group the expression of ERK in the AT group and the WM group were lower (P< 0.01).2.6 The expression of eNOS of all modeled rats were generally increased than the NC group especially for the MC group was the most one of them( P< 0.01), the AT group second (P< 0.05 )and the WM group lowest (P< 0.05 ). Compared with the MC group the expression of eNOS in the AT group and the WM group were lower (P< 0.01).3 Conclusion3.1 Through reviewing various periods of documents, we consider that the acpuncture treatment for mazoplasia has good clinical curation, base substantially on TCM theory and accumulate on the action mechanism in a certain extent.3.2 It is showm that mazoplasia can be induced by stimulation of excessive estrogen and the acpuncture treatment can inhibit the degrees of mazoplasia induced by excessive estrogen. These provided experimental evidence for clinical treating mazoplasia with acpuncture.3.3 It is showm that excessive estrogen could increase the levels of serum E2,the expression of ER, ERK and eNOS. These prompt it is that the effect of the ERK pathways and NO are not ignored on happening, developing and finaling of mazoplasia. Studying regulate tothem is significant for preventing precancerous pathological changes to cancer. 3.4 About the action mechanism of acpuncture inhibit mazoplasia:3.4.1 Acpuncture of "Danzhong", and "Sanyinjiao" could bring down the levels of serum E2 caused by excessive estrogen. This indicates the effect of acpuncture treatment may be through adjusting the levels of serum E2.3.4.2 In the AT group the expression of ER was lower than the MC group (P< 0.01). This indicates that the one of mechanism of acpuncture of "Danzhong"and "Sanyinjiao" on rat's mazoplasia may be due to inhibit the sensitivity of ER in mammary cell to hormones.3.4.3 In the AT group the expression of ERK was lower than the MC group (P< 0.01). This indicates that acpuncture of "Danzhong"and "Sanyinjiao" on rat's mazoplasia can inhibit the expression of ERK. We could presume that through ERK pathway acpuncture descend the effect of estrogen on the proliferation of breast epithelium, and the dilatation of blood vessel to inhibit mazoplasia. These are significant for preventing precancerous pathological changes to cancer also.3.4.4 In the AT group the expression of eNOS was lower than the MC group (P< 0.01). This indicates that acpuncture of "Danzhong"and "Sanyinjiao" on rat's mazoplasia can inhibit the expression of eNOS. This effection may be help to protect breast tissues for preventing a series of pathological changes from proliferation .atypical hyperplasia and gradually developping carcinoma.IN a word, we consider that acpuncture has benign regulate on estrogen, estrogen receptor and its signal transduction system, and guess that the one of mechanism of acpuncture on inhibition rat's mazoplasia induced by stimulation of excessive estrogen may be through effect on the estrogen signal transduction system.
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