Effects Of Hesperidin, Licorice And EGCG On Melanogenesis, Skin Microcirculation And Secretion Of VEGF Of Keratinocytes

A white and ruddy skin color is the pursuit of women in many regions in the world. According to a research initiated by P&G, about 60% of Japanese women and 75% of Chinese women desire to achieve a lighter skin color. The color of skin depends on the wavelength of the illuminating light and on the optics of tissues. Several major light absorbing molecules and particles, referred to as chromophores, coexist in a heterogeneous way. Three main types of chromophores are normally located in the epidermis. Eumelanin and phaeomelanin are deep brown and yellow to reddish brown, respectively. Carotenoids have a yellow hue. Three other chromophores in the dermal vasculature include oxyhaemoglobin, reduced haemoglobin, and bilirubin. The number of blood vessel and the perfusion of blood play an important role too.Skin color is the net result of different combinations and concentrations of those chromophores. The most significant component in the determination of skin color is tmelanin. Melanin pigmentation in human skin may be divided into constitutive and facultative skin colors. Constitutive, or intrinsic, skin color is a genetically determined degree of cutaneous melanin pigmentation, which is present independent of outside influences. Facultative (inducible) skin color represents the increased...