Expressions Of MUC1 And CEA In The Serum And Cell Of Breast Cancer Patients And Their Clinical Significances

The breast cancer is a common malignant tumor which threatenr to the health of women.Whether in developed country or in developing country, the morbility of breast cancer increases. Today, some studies have showed that breast cancer relates with the abnormality of DNA, which includes the embryonal mutation. Ionizing radiation may give rise to the DNA damage directly, which can cause the mutation. Estrogen may stimulate the breast cell, which leads to breast cancer by the way of mutation.Up to date, It clear that estrogen irritants strongly mitosis not only in the breast cell but also breast cancer cell.This stimulation may embody in some links of the breast carcinogenesis,breast cancer development,which include mutation and metastasis.Nowadays, tumor markers have been applicated in a lot of aspect, including tumor diagnosis, clinical monitoring, tumor treatment and the judgement of curative effect and prognosis.Among the breast cancer tumor marker, MUC1 and CEA are popular in use.MUC1 mucoprotein expressing abnormally in breast cancer is one of the important biological indicator, it has the substiantial value to diagnose the breast cancer,Normally, MUC1 mucoprotein resides in epithelial cell's glandular cavosurface,whose location include breast, gastrointestinal tract, Genitourinary tract and other tissue or organ,etc,it tip expresses,polar contributes.MUC1 mucoprotein can lubricate and protect the epithelial cell,in the same time, it aslo can mediate signal transduction and cell adhesion.In the breast cancer tissue, MUC1 expresses overly, pero- glycosylate,tip locate not clearly,which makes it become an important tumor biological marker.It relates closely with the metastasis and prognosis.With the gradually deepening of the study, it shows that MUC1 is a kind of multi-functional molecule which can protect the celluar surface,mediate the intercelluar interact,signal transduction and tumor invasion,etc.The aim of this study is to study the expression of the MUC1, FS and CEA in the breast cancer serum and the cell and to find the new way to diagnose the breast cancer. At the same time, to study the relationship between expression of MUC1 and CEA and histological grade, tumor size and lymph node metastasis.to provide the assessment of therapeutic effect.The method of this study is just like the following.1, To detect the expression of MUC1 in distinguished type of breast cancer by immunohistochemistry.To detect the expression of MUC1 in breast cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry stain with anti-rabbit polyclonal antibody. We took reforming radical correction operation In 26 breast cancer patients.With paraffin imbedding technology in carcino-focus and periphery normal tissue respectively.the result showed that the immunohistochemistry stain particle mainly located in the cell membrane and/or intracytoplasm, but almost not in periphery normal tissue. group comparison with x2 test,in carcino-focus tissue,21(80.8%)positive,and 5(19.2%)negative.in corresponding periphery normal tissue, 2(7.6%)positive, 24(92.4%) negative.there was a significant difference between benign and malignant tissue(x2=16.9,P<0.05).this demonstrated that MUC1 mucoprotein expressed highly in the breast cancer patients,this could become the basis for the furthen study.2,To detect MUC1 with the method of fluorescent quantitation mRNA RT-PCR in peripheral blood.With the method of fluorescent quantization RT-PCR, to detect the MUC1 mRNA in peripheral blood in the breast cancer patients group and the control group (benign tumor).The outcome showed that control group (benign tumor) which positive rate was (10%) had not significant difference compared with the healthy group(p<0.05),but breast cancer group (50%) had significant difference compared with the healthy group(p<0.01); among the kinds of breast cancer, invasion duct carcinoma had the highest positive rate,but there were not significant deviation among them(p>0.05).lung cancer group(60%) had significant difference compared with the healthy group(p<0.01).the other tape cancer group(20%) had not significant difference compared with the healthy group(p>0.05).3, To detect the MUC1 protein in the peripheral blood.The detected minimum concentration of this study was 5U/ml, the concentration above 20U/ml was positive. The tissue differentiation was divided intoⅠⅡⅢby the reforming program of Not-tinghamof Bloom-Richardson system. statistical treatment: metrological date was expressed by x±S,comparison between the groups with the"t"test,the positive rate with x2 test. MCU1 was 37.63±23.22U/ml in the serum of breast group,its positive rate was 47.5%.in the control group(20 breast benign disease patients),1 in lobules of mammary gland hyperplasy was positive in the expression, the MCU1 less than 37.63 U/ml,the others all less than reference value,there were significant difference(p<0.01)between the breast cancer group and the control group.The relationship between expression of the MUC1 protein and histological grading,tumor size and transferred axillary nodes.the MUC1 protein content inⅢgroup was higher than theⅠ,there was significant difference (p<0.01),the tumor size (>5cm)group was higher than the group (2-5cm)and the group(<2cm)(p<0.01). the positive rate of MUC1 in the tumor size (>5cm)group was higher than the group(<2cm)(p<0.01). the positive rate and protein content of MUC1 in the transferred axillary nodes group was also higher than the group of non transferred axillary nodes,there was significant difference (p<0.01).4, To detect the FS mRNA by fluorescent quantitation RT-PCRTo detect the FS mRNA of every tumor and control groups in peripheral blood by fluorescent quantitation RT-PCR.the results were just as the following.FS mRNA in the benign group which positive rate was 0% had not significant difference (p>0.05) compared with the control. But FS mRNA in the breast cancer group which positive rate was 30% had not significant difference (p>0.05) compared with the control. FS mRNA in the lung cancer group which positive rate was 50% had significant difference (p<0.01) compared with the control. FS mRNA in the other cancer group which positive rate was 10% had not significant difference (p>0.05) compared with the control.5, To detect the CEA protein in the peripheral blood.To compare the CEA protein in the peripheral blood between breast cancer and control groups. the CEA protein in the breast cancer group was21.55±6.96ng/ml,its positive rate was 32.5%.the control group (20 patients ) was 9.83±2.31,its positive rate was 0. there was significant difference (p<0.01) between breast cancer and the control groups.The relationship between CEA protein in the peripheral blood of breast cancer and the histological grading,tumor size and transferred axillary nodes.the CEA protein content and positive rate inⅢgroup was higher than theⅠ,there was significant difference (p<0.01),the tumor size (>5cm)group was higher than the group (2-5cm)and the group(<2cm)(p<0.01). the positive rate of CEA in the tumor size (>5cm)group was higher than the group(<2cm)(p<0.01). the positive rate and protein content of CEA in the transferred axillary nodes group was also higher than the group of non transferred axillary nodes,there was a significant difference (p<0.01).the relationship between CEA protein and MUC1protein in the peripheral blood of breast cancer.the content of MUC1in the CEA positive group was higher than the CEA negative group in the breast cancer patients.there was a significant difference (p<0.01).the positive rate of MUC1in the CEA positive group also was higher than the CEA negative group, there was a significant difference (p<0.01).From the above, we can draw the conclusion as the following.1, we have found that MUC1 gene can expressed in different kinds of breast cancer tissue and had significant difference compared with normal breast tissue.this demonstrated that MUC1 gene had patho-physiological significance in the course of genesis and development of breast cancer tissue.2, MUC1 mRNA expressed highly in the peripheral blood of breast cancer and lung cancer, the expression of MUC1 mRNA in the breast invaded duct cancer was highest among the types of breast cancer;the positive rate of MUC1 mRNA in the peripheral blood of breast cancer and lung cancer were also higher,by the immunohistochemistry,we could find that the distribution and expression of MUC1 differed in the different tapies of breast cancer cell,and that the MUC1 mRNA in the peripheral blood differed in the different tapies of breast cancer.this hint that MUC1 and MUC1 mRNA had auxiliary diagnostic value,but there were a lot of things to do to know its potential effect and numerator mechanism.3, the MUC1 protein content and the positive rate in the the peripheral blood of breast cancer were all higher than the control group.the more differentiation, tumor size and lymph node, the more the MUC1 protein content and the positive rate, this had the important reference value to clinical diagnosis, treatment plan and prognosis.4, the higher expression of FS mRNA in the the peripheral blood of breast cancer revealed that it had auxiliary diagnosis value to diagnose the breast cancer.5, the CEA protein content and the positive rate in the the peripheral blood of breast cancer group were all higher than the control group.the more differentiation, tumor size and the number of lymph node, the more the CEA protein content and the positive rate, this had the important reference value to clinical curative effect and prognosis.to detect both of them was profit to early diagnosis and judgement of prognosis.