On The Motive Power Of Interests

The problem of interest is the great theoretical and practical issue. All human societies are related with the interest and the pursuit of interest. All human social behaviors can be explained by the interest. Interest is the inner motivation which controls people’s thoughts, words and deeds, and which promotes people to engage in practical activities. From the perspective of interest, we can understand the development mystery of human history. The interest is the source of power to promote the development of history. From the practice of China’s reform and opening up at present, our country is faced with the recession of the momentum for reform. How to balance the social interest and how to achieve the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in order to stimulate the power of all society sectors to support the reform are important issues related to the success or failure of the socialist modernization with China characteristics. Studying on the dynamic theory of interest from the perspective of Marxism is the need for reform, as well as the need of the times.In the history of Western thought, many scholars had paid high attention to the dynamic function of interest. In ancient Greece, the dynamic thought of interest had been preliminary discussed. In medieval, the development of the dynamic theory of Theology had repudiated the people’s realistic interests. In modern society, some western thinkers began to think that the interest based on the abstract humanity is the motive force of historical development. The German classical philosophers not only highly touted the rational function, but also found the dynamic function of human desires and interests. The research of thinkers on dynamic problems of interest laid a foundation for the birth of Marx’s interest dynamic theory. Based on the results of previous, Marx founded and improved the interest motive force theory. The formation of Marx interest motive force theory and the foundation of historical materialism were of the same process. Marx philosophical thought had transformed from rationalism and humanism to historical materialism through the studying of realistic interests. According to this transformation, we think that the self-generating process of Marx interest motive force theory has three stages of germination, formation, development.Based on clarifying the interests, relationship of interest and other categories, The paper argues that the interest motive force refers to the power produced by the factor of interest stimulation that can control the subject ideas and activities, drive historical development and social change in the cognition and practice. The interest motive force has the characteristics of objectivity, universality and conditionality. The promoting action of interest motive force to human activities and the history of the development depend on the structure of the interest motive force, which includes system structure, hierarchical structure and so on.From the subject dimension, the dynamic function of interest is mainly revealed in the influence on the ideas and activities of the people. Interest is the inherent power of the dominant ideological motives and activities, and plays a leading role in the practice of subject. It is also an important motivation to stimulate the vitality, and the motive force to promote the development of the subject itself.From the perspective of social structure, interest is the driving force to promote the development of the social structure change. The social structure has four basic elements: the productive forces, production relations, economic base and superstructure. Interest is an important impetus for the formation and development of them. To a certain extent, these four basic elements affect the realization of the interests of the people. The social structure contains inherently two pairs of basic contradiction of the productive forces and production relations, economic base and superstructure. Two pairs of basic contradiction push forward the change of social structure, and interest is the driving force to promote the two pair of basic contradiction movement.In social life, the interest gives impetus to the development of the society through the conflicts of interest. The conflicts of interest have a negative effect, but also have a positive effect. The positive effects of conflicts of interest lie in: Conflicts of interest have integration effect social, and release the social pressure, and maintain social stability, and are the internal driving force of social reform and social revolution. The negative effects of conflicts of interest lie in: Conflicts of interest have discrete effects on society, and disrupt social order, loss of social resources, harm social psychology. The positive function and the negative function of interest conflict are the objective existence. By coordinating the conflict of interest, human beings can restrain its negative function and play its positive role in promoting the social development.The dynamic mechanism of interests mainly includes the formation mechanism and guarantee mechanism. The formation of interest motive force undergoes two stages of internalization and strengthening. Only after interest motive force firstly internalizes into human motivation, can spiritual play the motivation role to the subject. The formation of the Interest motive force is strengthened by the results of practice. System determines the allocation of society and the implementation results of people’s interests, determines the social condition of interest relations, also determines the function display of the dynamic of interests from the most fundamental sense. To enhance the dynamic action of interest needs to coordinate the relationship between the interests of the society, to construct the reasonable system, and also needs the lead and support of a certain values.Great changes have taken place in China’s interest relationship since the reform and opening up 30 years ago. The interest subject has become more diversified. The realization way of interest has more diverse. The gap of interest is gradually expanding. China’s current interest relationship has turned up a certain degree of imbalance. The imbalance of interest relationship not only affects the social stability and cohesion, economic development power reduction, but also weakens the momentum for reform. In order to bring people’s positive and to make the reform get wider support, we must actively promote the coordination of interest. The principles of coordination of interests include the unity principle of efficiency and fairness, the principle of promoting orderly and overall consideration, the principle of interest sharing. The balance of social interests can start from three aspects of the development of economy, construction of concept, system reconstruction.