The Ideal And Reality Of Public Reasoning - A Study Of Amartya Sen 's Theory Of Justice

Amartya Sen’s theory of justice is aimed at providing a general framework of public reasoning. It demands that public reasoning is aimed at viability and restricted by conceptions of impartiality. The’Ereignis’of’the ideal of public reasoning’dependents on people’s participation in the coordination of plural impartial principles of justice.Sen’s theory of justice is a theory of viability which compatible with theories of feasibility, but not a theory of feasibility. Viability means survivability in open discussion。 Sen holds that impartiality is a prerequisite of the viability of evaluation of justice. Conceptions of impartiality include non-ideal low-order conceptions of impartiality which restrict the freedom as the material of the informational basis and the equality as the form of the informational basis and the sum-total as the form of the informational basis etc. and ideal high-order conceptions of impartiality which restrict the procedure of reasoning. High-order conceptions of impartiality include at least as follow:the procedure of the public reasoning should be open, and should not be closed; the procedure of the evaluation of justice should take the comparative approach, not the transcendental approach; the overall region of the informational basis of the evaluation of justice should focus on the overall social realizations, not only the institutional arrangements.The ideal of Sen’s theory of justice just includes’the ideal of public reasoning’which is constructed by the idea of viability and the high-order conceptions of impartiality.’The ideal of public reasoning’can be simply summarized as the ideal of approaching the viable reasoning restricted by the high-order conceptions of impartiality. The Ereignis of’The ideal of public reasoning’means to consider many non-ideal low-order conceptions of impartiality and the coordination of plural impartial principles of justice.The principle of justice can be defined based on the conceptions of impartiality. The principles of justice include the rights, the duties and the structural principles of justice. The practice security of the potential feasibility of the impartial rights and duties is’reasonable human beings with the effective power’, or’free man’, to use the term loosely. The viable coordination of the plural principles of justice should take the approach of’plural grounding’, and can not deviate from pubic reasoning and democratic discussion.The’Ereignis’of’the ideal of public reasoning’ultimately dependents on people’s participation in the public reasoning and the coordination of plural impartial principles of justice in order to promote and develop each other.