A Study On The Social Security Policy To The Land-loss Farmers In Hubei Province

It is unavoidable that farmland conversion is getting more and more common in the process of industrialization and urbanization, while the landless peasants’ issues not only decide their survival and development, but also contribute to the stabilization of the whole society. Some of the serious issues may even be drags on economies, thus lead to the reverse of national economy.The social security system of the landless peasants refers to the surviving and developing policies and treatment--including endowment insurance, medical insurance, minimum standard of living, and employment security-provided to the landless peasants when their collective land is recruited by the authorities. Such social security system, if established scientifically and faultlessly, could be expected to maintain their basic rights, and also is a reflection of both carrying out the overall development of urban and rural areas as a whole and building a well-off society in an all-round way.When ensuring the background and significance of the research and adopting various field visits and questionnaire surveys, this article works on the lives and current situation, the related problems and their causes, and the analysis of the social security system of the landless peasants in Hubei Province. Then, the article puts forward its solutions to such problems, builds its institutional framework, and finally proposes the supporting measures to consummate the social security system of the landless peasants in Hubei Province.The article goes as follows:Chapter one introduces the achievements and present situation of such a research both home and abroad, and provides ideas and methods of doing research. It mainly focuses on the significance of this research, which is that it’s not only theoretical to enrich socialist market economy system and accelerate the development of the security system, but also practical to improve the landless peasants lives in various ways. Chapter Two Overview of the security problems of the landless peasants.In this chapter, the author first mentions economical background, system background, and cultural background of their problems; then classifies such security problems and make clear the accordance theories. Overall, after analyzing social insurance, the theories of land requisition compensation, the author puts forward four categories of the landless peasants’ security system:endowment insurance, medical insurance, minimum standard of living, and employment security.Chapter Three The current achievement of the security issues of the landless peasants in Hubei Province.In Chapter Three, the author first lists some of the related policies in Hubei Province. Then he introduces the current life of the landless peasants and their security level in Hubei Province on the basis of the data from the following three cites: Yichang, Suizhou, and Shiyan.The author analyzes the main reason of the peasants’ willing to let go their land, as well as testing its stability, by providing the decision tree model and logic regression model. When doing the investigation, the author took four types of information into consideration:personal information like gender, age, political status, education level, and state of health; family information of land possession like landholdings before national recruitment, and the expecting level of living; social economical information like the income after national recruitment, and current situation of the social security to those people’s life; the peasants’ subjective comments on such polices.Chapter Four Analysis of the problems and their causing of the security.On the basis of related theories and the questionnaires of the Hubei landless peasants, the author put forward the problems and causing from the perspective of the following six aspects:income, employment, compensation standard, negative recruitment, social security, and merging into the city.The data shows that due to the serious environment and the restriction of those systems, as well as their own levels of education, the landless peasants have problems in being employed again and thus suffer from great decrease in their income after the national recruitment. What’s more, since the landless peasants are always subordinate positions when recruiting, they show their negative feelings to land requisition and demolishing. Even worse, they lack in satisfaction about endowment insurance and medical insurance which they care most.Chapter Five Reference from both home and abroad.In this chapter, the author mentions the national recruitment and the policies in foreign countries like Britain, Germany, France, America, Canada, Japan, Singapore and Korea. Then, he concludes six hints when carrying out the national recruitment by making clear the experience of peasants’ security from four of the developed cities in China:Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, and Qingdao. The six hints are:strengthening legislation, increasing the compensation standard, multi-compensation way, proper allocation of the compensation, establishing arbitration mechanism, and improving the system of land property rights.Chapter Six Suggestions and prospect of the social security system of the landless peasants.In this chapter, the author comes up with three principles:coordinate in an all-round way and sustainable development, Coordination between fairness and efficiency, People-oriented, wide participation, overall planning and all-round consideration and bridge the differences between town and country. Later, he mentions the social security system could be established from the landless peasants’ minimum standard of living, the endowment insurance, the medical insurance and employment insurance.What’s more, the author also presents three policy suggestions. First, establish "pre-deposit" payment of the landless peasants’ social security. Second, encourage these peasants to enroll in the current social security system in order to guarantee their treatment by carrying out the government’s responsibility, estimating the standard of drawing insurance charge properly. Third, reinforce the employment training and education. In addition, the author put emphasis on four regulations--land acquisition, legal aid, fund management, and the fiscal and taxation special allowance-so that the mating measures of such a system could be improved.