Research On Regulation Of The High-tech Products Exporting

In order to protect home country’s politics, military and economy, governmentoften make laws and rules to regulate high-tech Products export. We call this policyhigh-tech products export regulation. From the economy’s point of view, high-techproducts export regulation can restrict the flow out of some shortage substances to reliefthe unbalance of supply and demand, to help the government regulate the price.High-tech products export regulation can also be helpful to production if the high-techproduct under regulation is a kind of means of production, to protect the advantage oftechnology, to the product innovation so as to protect a country’s economic security.From the politics and military’s point of view, regulate the export of some advanced arms,especially the strategic goods can reduce the speed of the enemy country’s militarystrength, so as to protect the country’s politic and military security. Besides, regulate theexport of high-tech products can also be used in diplomacy. When two countries’relationship is not very good, the export regulation can be very strict. When the twocountries are tending to change the bad relationship, they can release the exportregulation. Thus, each country implements high-tech products export regulation to someextent. However, high-tech products export regulation can also do harm to the homecountry’s diplomacy, politics and decrease the international competitiveness of high-techproducts. What on earth will high-tech products export regulation bring to the homecountry, the target country and the whole world? What’s the other countries’ high-techproducts export regulations like? How about China? This dissertation tries to answer allthese questions. Besides, this dissertation tries to help China find ways to cope with othercountries’ high-tech products export regulations, and rebuild its own high-tech productsexport regulations.This dissertation used the case analysis method, historical research method, typicalresearch method，policy analysis method，empirical analysis method and so on toanalysis the impacts of high-tech products export regulations and typical countries’ high-tech products export regulations. The conclusions are as follow:First, generally speaking, high-tech products export regulation is helpful to homecountry’s political security, military security and information security. However,high-tech products export regulation can make enterprises lose international market, doharm to enterprises’ investment profits, make the home country’s trade deficit. Besides,the impacts of high-tech products export regulations on home country’s diplomacy,ecological security, product innovation, high-tech industry competitiveness, andcustomers are uncertain. The impacts depend on the characteristics of products undercontrol, the control level, and enterprises’ pricing strategy.Second, from the target country’s point of view, other countries’ high-tech productsexport regulations are bad to politic security, military security and information security.The impacts to ecological security, technological development and customers areuncertain. The impacts depend on the characteristics of products under control, thecontrol level, and enterprises’ pricing strategy. Besides, other countries’ high-techproducts export regulations may decrease the impacts on the corresponding enterprises ofthe foreign countries’ enterprises under control, decrease the chance to imitate and useforeign countries’ high-tech products, and influence some home products’ production andsale to some extent.Third, from the whole world’s point of view, high-tech export regulation restricts thedevelopment of the technology, the improvement of high-tech products, the sustainabledevelopment and the economic balance of the whole world. The impacts to the worldpeace are uncertain, depending on the characteristics of the products under regulation, theattitudes and solutions of each country.Forth, American’s high-tech products export regulation has many masters, laws andregulations. The regulation lists are very similar to multinational regulation lists. Besides,the diplomacy plays a very important part in export regulation. What’s more, theresponsibilities of American’s high-tech products export regulation masters are not clear,the update of regulation lists are slow, and the regulation system is too complicated.Fifth, Japan’s high-tech products export regulation has many masters, and their responsibilities are very clear. The kinds of products under regulation are verycomprehensive. Besides, its regulation lists are very similar to international ones. What’smore, Japan’s regulation masters and targets have a close contact. However, Japandoesn’t have a special regulation law or restrictions on official masters.Sixth, European Union’s high-tech products export regulation has many masters,various targets, flexible export licensing standards, different regulation levels, etc. It isvery hard for European Union to balance flexibility and unity. The regulation policy istoo general and strict in a sense.Seventh, Russian is unwilling to implement high-tech products export regulation ina sense. It is forced by America. It joins many multinational export regulations, and itsregulation lists is very similar to international ones. There are too many regulationmasters whose responsibilities are not clear. Besides, it lacks of restrictions on officialmasters.Eighth, newly industrialized countries and regions’ high-tech products exportregulations have a short history. The reasons to regulate high-tech products’ export aredifferent. They mainly regulate strategic high-tech products’ export. The enterprises’opinions are very important to these countries when they implement regulation policies.They join the multinational export regulation selectively.Ninth, after more than fifty years of development, China’s high-tech products exportregulation has been more and more perfect, and has its own characteristics. China prefermultinational regulation, it has many laws and policies which are very similar tointernational ones. China has many official masters whose responsibilities are very clear,and they change with the development of China’s economic system. China mainlyregulates the goods in military and dual use area with export license method. China hasmany kinds of licenses and licensing departments. However, China’s high-tech productsexport regulation also has many shortcomings, such as some articles of its laws are notvery clear, lacks of special regulation department, the regulate targets are notcomprehensive, lacks of country regulation lists, etc.Tenth, the comprehensive high-tech products export regulations all over the world are not good for the development of China’s high-tech industry, traditional industry,export products structure, regional economic development, and so on. China should copewith international high-tech products export regulation on the principle of protectingChinese benefits, promote China’s technology development, noninterference in other’sinternal affairs and so on. China can issue a special law to cope with internationalhigh-tech products regulations, import high-tech products from different countries,welcome other countries’ high-tech enterprises to invest in China, join multinationalexport regulation systems selectively, talk with other countries’ governments and so on tocope with international high-tech products regulation, so as to import more high-techproducts.Eleventh, in order to protect China’s national security, diplomatic and economicprofit, keep the regulation degree moderate, China should rebuild its high-tech productsregulation system. During the course of rebuilding, China should obey the principles ofprotecting China’s economic security, diplomatic profit, technological advantages,promoting international nonproliferation, protecting other countries’ responsibilities ofenjoying dual use and civil use products peacefully. The rebuilt system should be helpfulto protect China’s national security, promote China’s high-tech products import,cultivating China’s industrial competitiveness. Besides, it should be efficient andtransparent. In order to achieve these goals, China should take high-tech products exportregulation as an important issue, make special high-tech products export regulationpolicies, deal with high-tech products export and high-tech products export regulationproperly, supply people with proper training, instruct the enterprises to build high-techproducts export regulations inside itself, join the beneficial multinational exportregulation systems to enhance the regulate results.