| The global manufacturing center has shifted three times since the Industrial Revolution. After the implementation of reform and opening-up policy in 1978, China’s economic aggregate, total volume of trade, and scale of foreign capital utilization have enjoyed increased rankings around the world, the proportion of products made in China in the global market has increased markedly, and the signs of "Made in China" and "World Factory" are not uncommon. In recent years, Chinese manufacturing industry has seen rapid development and has become a major driving force for sustainable and rapid economic development. In 2000, the increase in Chinese manufacturing industry accounted for 7.0% of global volume, ranking fourth after the USA, Japan, and Germany; in 2004, China had 10% of global manufacturing volume, surpassing Germany and rising to the third place. China’s above-scale industrial added value increased 15.7% in 2010,13.9% in 2011, and 10% in 2012. Currently. China’s Competitive Industrial Performance Index ranks in the seventh place among 136 countries, and the net manufacturing export ranks first, according to the data from the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. China ranks first in 7 of 22 classes based on the International Standard Industrial Classification, with the production of over 220 industrial products including steel, cement, and automobiles in the first place around the world.With continuous increase in human cost, appreciation of the RMB, and adjustment of the policy for attracting foreign investment by the Chinese government, as well as rapid development of the manufacturing industry in other developing countries in recent years, there has been a greatly slowed shift of manufacturing enterprises from developed industrial countries to China. Meanwhile, China’s export is facing more and more challenges:uncertain factors increase, the export profitability decreases, and a large number of less competitive small and medium-sized enterprises have been knocked out of the market. Manufacturing enterprises must undergo transformation and industrial upgrading in order to win out in the competition, and Chinese manufacturing industry can be upgraded only in meeting serious challenges. Therefore, "Where should Chinese manufacturing industry go?" becomes an issue of common concern in the theoretical and practical sectors. Current research mainly focuses on the analysis of Chinese manufacturing industry as a whole, which will lead to a general conclusion. The author thinks it is necessary to analyze each subdivision of Chinese manufacturing industry according to its developmental status.According to the two strategies of industrialization, this study was conducted on automobile industry and medical industry, which have the most characteristics of import-replacing industries, as well as electronic information industry, which has the most characteristics of export-oriented industries. The development of the three industries was analyzed by normative research and empirical research from two new angles:linking the two strategies of industrialization to the international strategy of multinational corporations; the concept of three sectors. Empirical research was done on the development of electronic information industry, automobile industry, and medical industry, which are the typical examples of two industrialization strategies in China, by descriptive analysis and factor analysis, the general development of the two industrialization strategies reflected by the three representative industries was further summarized, and the development of electronic information industry, automobile industry, and medical industry was subjected to empirical research using various statistical data. Fourteen indices were set based on the factors of "market demand", "technical progress", "industrial relationship", "comparative advantage", "industry scale", "economic benefit", and "development speed", and a comparative study was conducted on the developmental status of the three industries by factor analysis. The measures for planning the developmental direction and path of the three industries from new angels are suggested.
|
PDF Full Text Request