Study On Integrated Governance Of Flood Risk

China is one of the countries which are suffered by worst natural disasters in the world. The flood brings damage and threat to the economy and society, and it accounts for more than half of all kinds of natural disasters total losses. With the global climate change, extreme weather events is increasing, population and wealth continue to concentrate in the flood risk areas, so the system of compensation arrangements has become increasingly urgent, the issues of integrated governance of flood risk have become increasingly important.This dissertation studies the issues of integrated governance of flood risk in three aspects:firstly, theoretical analysis on integrated governance of flood risk; secondly, based on the insurance perspective, theoretical analysis and case study on the insurance role in integrated governance of flood risk; thirdly, exploration on the experimental implementation of flood insurance system in China.In the part of theoretical analysis on integrated governance of flood risk, this dissertation studies three problems. Firstly, it discusses the flood risk elements. According to the theory of three risk elements in insurance principles, there are interrelated and independent relationship among the flood hazards, flood events and flood disaster losses. Under normal circumstances, flood hazards trigger flood events; then flood events lead to flood disaster losses.Secondly, it analyses the transformation from risk management to integrated risk governance. In general,“risk management”is a widely-used term by the private sector on technical level, in contrast, "risk governance" concerns with the institutional level, which is beyond the technical level, thus it is usually associated with national action. The concept of "risk governance" is put forward by TRUSTNET research plan in European Union, and it starts to spread around the world with the promotion of International Risk Governance Council. Under the background of integrated research on risk in the international academy field, and based on the understanding of complex characteristic of disaster process, International Human Dimensions Program on Global Environmental Change bring forward the concept of "integrated risk governance", thus achieving the third time development of "risk governance".Thirdly, it analyses the structure system of integrated governance of flood risk. As a natural disaster, flood disaster is a mutation system formed by interaction of pregnant environment, hazards and disaster bodies. The process is so complex that just using a single means of risk management is not enough, and it should adopt the structural optimization model, that is "security defenses, emergency management, disaster relief and risk transfer", to achieve the integrated governance of flood risk. In integrated governance of flood risk, all levels of government should focus on regional economic and social development level, determine the level of flood security fortification, develop effective contingency plans for flooding, establish contingency plans to meet the requirements of emergency command system, especially the system, mechanism and legal system of information sharing platform and emergency response, and make sure the flood disaster relief expenditure ratio in all levels of government expenditure. Under the conditions of maximum security level, we should establish insurance and reinsurance system, which to be played the full role of risk transfer in flood risk.In the part of theoretical and case analysis on the function of insurance in integrated governance of flood risk, this dissertation studies three problems. Firstly, it discusses the compensation function of insurance in integrated governance of flood risk. Through the Midwest floods of 1993, the German Rhine floods of 1993 and the Polish floods of 1997, the British Easter floods of 1998, the case study found that: Although differences existed in the form of compensation, at least 40% of the compensation received in each case, of which the amount of insurance compensation proportion of the total losses was 12%,30%,8% and 39%, and government compensation proportion of the total amount of loss was 30%,10%,48%,0.1%. We believe, even in insurance market of developed countries, insurance just played limited role in loss compensation. In addition, flood assistance from the Government, which is negative correlated with insurance demand, will affect the play the role of the insurance compensation. Secondly, it discusses the encouraging mitigation function of insurance in integrated governance of flood risk. Through analyzing the flood plain management case in U.S. National Flood Insurance Program, it is founded that, after community, insurance and loan industry participation in National Flood Insurance Program, the reduction of flood losses is around 800 million U.S. dollars each year. The buildings complying with the National Flood Insurance Program building standards suffered 77% loss less than those didn’t obey the rule. We found, insurance as a kind of financial risk management means, in itself will not reduce disaster losses, but through brilliant system design, insurance combined with other policy tools, can play a role in encouraging mitigation.Thirdly, it discusses the safety construction assistance function of insurance in integrated governance of flood risk. Through studying the case of Three Gorges Project construction and operation in China, we found, for a general project facing the threat of flood risk, the insurance may still play a role in loss compensation, but when projects aiming at flood risk of security fortification works, the insurance objectively plays a fortification assistance role as well.In the part of experimental implementation of flood insurance system in China, it generally can be divided into four parts:firstly, the assessment of flood risk; secondly, Stakeholders’decision-making process and behavior research; thirdly, the flood insurance program design; fourthly, Flood insurance financial risk management system construction.There are three main innovation points in this dissertation. Firstly, it gets rid of traditional research thread, it in favor of studying flood insurance from the angle of integrated risk governance, adopts a more systematic exposition of the integrated governance of flood risk. Secondly, it converses the research perspective, from the perspective of business operation to national risk management system level, it studies systematically the role of insurance in the integrated governance of flood risk, including loss compensation, encouraging mitigation and safety construction assistance. Thirdly, compared with previous studies, it mainly inspects security construction projects, as flood disaster affected bodies, they are unique, initially puts forward“safety construction assistance”role of insurance in the integrated governance of flood risk, with the example of Three Gorges Project. Fourthly, based on the comprehensive analysis of the demand, supply and technological conditions and macroeconomic environment of flood insurance in China, it compares and chooses the adequate Chinese flood insurance model which is based on government leading and insurance company operating.In the future, this dissertation should be improved in two aspects:firstly, the analysis of the relationship between the constituent elements of integrated risk governance model should be further discussed. Secondly, the mathematical model or econometrics model which is used to explain the role of insurance should be built.