| Urban public parking management, a component of city traffic control, is a headache lingering around the daily life of city residents. How to alleviate traffic congestion by adopting new technology and improving the efficiency of parking management is a hot spot issue of city management at present. Although there are a lot of previous researches on this area both at home and abroad, none of those deals with the spatial-temporal model of parking management. This paper conducts research on two aspects:On the one hand, it studies the spatiotemporal data model of parking management from the perspective of the business area of parking management, by which the theoretical reference for practice is established. On the other hand, it explores the analytical method for the spatiotemporal characteristics of parking management, and puts forward the predictive analysis model for the spare space available in parking lots based on Markov forecasting procedure and the optimal model of parking choice based on grey entropy theory. All these research findings are to be applied to the practical parking management in Hangzhou city, and hopefully resolve the problems related to the implementing efficiency of spatiotemporal data model of parking management.The main content of this paper is as follows:1) The Spatiotemporal Data Model of Parking ManagementBased on the characteristics of parking management, the research on modeling of spatiotemporal factors of parking management is conducted with 4 kinds of spatiotemporal factor subjects, namely the factor subjects of parking, passageways, facilities and vehicles. The related characteristic properties of factors are analyzed, and the model of the factors set up.2) The Analytical Method for Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Parking Management In accordance with the spatiotemporal data model of parking management, a further analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of parking management is carried out. It involves the calculation and analysis of the characteristic parameter of parking vehicles, the analysis of management efficiency of parking lots, optimization of the planning of parking spaces, distinct time period of parking data and the parking habit of the people.3) The Prediction Model of Spare Parking Space Based on Markov Forecasting Procedure and Optimal Model of Parking ChoiceParking process and main factors affecting parking choice are analyzed. The method of Markov forecasting analysis is introduced on the basis of feature analysis of parking habits. The model of predictive analysis of spare parking space is proposed so as to enhance the efficiency of parking management, optimize the resource allocation of parking spaces, and improve the quality of parking service. Optimal model of parking choice is presented with the introduction of grey entropy theory, which enables drivers to park vehicles selectively by acquiring accurate predictive information about spare spaces available in parking lot.4) The Examination of Spatiotemporal Data Model of Parking Management by PracticeAll the research findings of this paper, i.e. the spatiotemporal data model of parking management, the prediction model of spare parking space and the optimal model of parking choice, are put into practice in the municipal parking management of Hangzhou, accepting application tests.Results show that the research method for modeling spatiotemporal data from the angle of business application is feasible. It can effectively resolve the problem of poor applicability of the present achievements on spatiotemporal data model. Meanwhile the paper puts forward the spatiotemporal data model of parking management, the analytical method for spatiotemporal characteristics of parking management, the prediction model of spare parking space based on Markov Forecasting Procedure and the optimal model of parking choice on grey entropy theory. These approaches offer a theoretical and applicable reference for the further researches on spatiotemporal model of parking management and model expansion.
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