A Class Containing Maleic Anhydride Alternating Copolymer Unit Of The Polymer Surfactant Synthesis And Application Of Radiation

In this thesis, we focus on the preparation the novel polymeric surfactants containing maleic anhydride unit induced by gamma ray and their applications. The main contents embrace three aspects which are summarized as follows:1. The morphology of the poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) micelles and emulsion polymerization of styrene stabilized by poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride).a. Poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) latexes were first obtained by emulsion polymerization induced by gamma ray. FTIR, ¹H-NMR and potentiometric titration methods were used to identify the alternating structure of the product. Then the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) method was used to observe the morphology of the micelles. As the pH of the latex increases from 3 to 7, the shape of aggregates changes from short-shuttle to long-stick. when the pH increases to 10, the stick-like aggregates are not found. The result confirms the model brought forward by Malardier-Jugroot et al and indicates that the linearity of chains occurring at pH 7 induces the formation of the specific morphology.b. Poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) were first used as stabilizer in emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of several different solvents. Effect of solvent on the mechanism, polymerization rate, size of latex particle and molar mass of product were discussed. The results indicate that the polarity of solvent affects the process of the emulsion polymerization. The better efficiency was obtained with nice-dispersed latex particles by use of the polar solvents (acetone and ethanol) than using the non-polar solvents (kerosene and hexane). The polymerization involving acetone or ethanol proceeds progressively faster than the polymerizations involving other two solvents (kerosene and hexane).2. A novel "gradient" polymer prepared by complex-radical terpolymerization of styrene (St), maleic anhydride (MA), and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP): synthesis, mechanism, and characterization.a. Radical terpolymerization of donor-acceptor monomers, i.e., styrene (St), maleic anhydride (MA) and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP) was studied under γ-ray radiation at room temperature. Obtained results show that terpolymerization proceeded mainly through "complex" mechanisms in the state of near-binary copolymerization of St…MA and MA…NVP complexes. For the effect of protection from irradiation by styrene and the much larger reactivity of the complex copolymerization between the donor-acceptor monomers, the homo-polymerization of NVP or styrene and their copolymerization can be ignored in the St-MA-NVP terpolymerization system.b. The equilibrium constant (K₂) of 1:1 complex between MA and NVP was determined by UV method as 3.57×10^-2L/mol at 293.2K in CHCl₃.c. The reactivity ratios of two CTCs were determined by Kelen-T(u|¨)d(o|¨)s and Fineman-Ross methods, respectively.d. Using the big difference in the value of r₁ and r₂ of the two CTCs, the copolymerization proceeded in one step under gamma ray by use of a RAFT process. While the reaction time increases, the concentration of the CTCs behaves regular changes (the concentration of CTC2 decreases much faster than its of CTC1.). The "gradient" ABA-block-copolymers are obtained.