| Benefit from its fast, safe, high quality and low cost, Container transport has developed rapidly all around the world and become the best transporting way for international trade. Containership stowage planning problem (CSP) is an important part among the container transport processes. The purpose is to determine containers' specific location in the ship when ships are loading and unloading containers in different ports to reduce the half-way re-handle container operations and improve shipping efficiency, when following the basic principles of stowage, ensuring stability and strength of the ship and taking into account that ships in the following port can also load or unload containers quickly. For safety of the vessel, cargo security and to ensure the schedules, CSP has an important impact on it. Stowage plan will not only directly affect the customers, ship and the efficiency of the container terminal, but also affect the supply chain of the industries related with goods indirectly. Therefore, CSP has always been a key and difficult issue in the field of port operations. A lot of researchers and scholars are interested in this problem, and put forward many solutions. However, due to the container stowage problem is a multi-objective optimization problem with complex constrains, and it is NP-Hard problem. So far, the research of the complete model of CSP with all kinds of constrains is still under way. The development of large-scale container ships, advanced equipment, and new loading and unloading technology, greatly expand the area of CSP, and bring new challenges at the same time. How to solve the CSP under a variety of operating conditions has not yet attracted enough attention. In addition, the research on optimization methods of container relocation in container yard related with CSP is still at the early stage.In response to these problems, the paper analysis double-40ft QC (quay crane) shore mode of operation, proposed the meaning and contents of multiple working conditions. Based on this, multi-conditions CSP is proposed and analyzed. Taking constraints from container ships, containers and container terminal side, the mathematical model of the CSP is built, and a heuristic algorithm is designed to solve the problem. This paper attempts to study how to determine a reasonable sequence of a container loading under the given storage state in the container storage yard and the containership stowage planning of the situation. Containers on the yard handling problem are proposed, with minimizing container volume and the cost of the crane as the objective. For the fast, efficient, accurate loading of the container vessel, theoretical methods and a prototype system are provided. The main research works of this thesis are summarized as follows:1. First of all, the present state and existing problems on containership stowage researches are introduced in detail, from processes of the container terminal, to research methods of the CSP. Then the starting point of this study and its significance are put forward.2. Container terminal handling technology and the typical handling technology are compared. A new automatic type of loading and unloading technology for the container terminal constituted by double-40ft QC from the shore, a bridge allocation system and the yard crane are studied. The meaning and contents of multiple working conditions are proposed to lay the foundation for the study of the multi-working CSP.3. Focusing on the complexity of the CSP, the relevant constraints and processing methods are evaluated comprehensively, the first time the container terminal QC operating conditions and container ships operating in parallel are considered in the CSP, a CSP with multiple loading conditions is proposed and the corresponding mathematical model is built. Multiple loading conditions CSP are divided into two sub-problems, namely pre-stowage and bay arrangement. The heuristic algorithm is designed to get the stowage scheme which can minimize the cost of QC operation to meet the container ships of the stability and strength and attitude of the loading program. A comparative analysis through examples verifies the effectiveness of the method.4. Based on the requirement of the container yard that sending container rapidly and accurately, the given state of the container storage yard and container stowage situation on board, container loading sequence of the optimization problem was studied. In order to minimize re-handle container operation for fast and efficient shipment target, the heuristic algorithm and rule-based improvement strategies are designed. Comparison and analysis shows that the yard loading sequence with improved strategies can effectively solve the problem and improve the utilization of the terminal yard and the capacity of terminal, reduce production cost of terminal.5. To minimize the container relocation operations in the container yard, the causes of the container turning operations are analyzed deeply. Limited of container turning operations cannot reflect handling efficiency fully, a multi-objective mathematical model was established to minimize the number of container turning operations and the cost of the crane. Heuristic algorithm with filtered directional search is designed. Instance comparison verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the algorithm.6. Finally, based on the virtual reality platform VRFlier, which is developed independently, and the above researches results, a container ship under multi-working conditions loading simulation prototype system called CSPSS (containership stowage planning simulation system) is developed. It can achieve the simulation of container terminal handling process, optimization and simulation of the multi-condition of the containership stowage plans, optimization and simulation of container turning operations in container yards. It provides a visual environment for evaluation of the process and stowage. CSPSS verifies the correctness and validity of research further. It provides feasible attempts and schemes for the multi-container ship stowage commercial application software systems.
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