Research On Formal Models And Its Application For Passenger Flow Dynamic Distribution In Urban Rail Transit

Urban rail transit with certain merits including higher speed, larger capacity, less pollution and lower consumption, has become one of the best solutions to relieve the traffic pressure. A large-scale urban rail transit network has huge traffic attraction and transport capacity, which has a great impact on the daily life of many people. The factors of the unbalance distribution of the city functional zones and changes of socio-economic environment affect the urban rail transit network, and it is becoming more complex on the aspects of rail network structure, traffic demand, space-time distribution of passenger, and so on. The disequilibrium and variety conditions of the passenger distribution intensify the contradiction between the traffic supply and demand, and increase the difficulty of the urban rail transit operation management. There are many benefits for grasping the distribution variation of passenger flow in the urban rail transit network, such as raising the operation efficiency, dealing with the sustained increasing pressure on transportation, and offering better services for passengers. The research on the passenger distribution in the urban rail transit network has been a new research hotspot in recent years.This thesis takes urban rail transit network systems in some cities of China as study objects. The theories and technologies about rail traffic assignment on the condition of networking operation will be explored deeply. The main contents and results are given as follows:Through systematic study on methods of describing traffic network, the primal and dual topological models of the urban rail transit network are constructed. These models reflect the features of the rail transit faithfully. Using the complex network theory, the complexities of the topological models are analyzed under the space P and space L separately. The dynamic rail network features of accessibility, space-time distribution of passenger and traffic congestion are discussed under the operation mode. After the further research on the travel behaviors, a formal model is proposed to describe the passenger travel behaviors in the rail transit network based on the bigraph theory. The bigraph models describe the basic travel behaviors and the multi-route choice behaviors about the passenger travel in the rail transit network. The bigraph set of describing the travel status and the BRS's rules set of describing the travel status transitions are defined. The formal method is successfully used to study the traffic behaviors problems.The traffic assignment models based on the Wardrop user equilibrium principle and other non-equilibrium models are discussed systematically. The variation laws of passenger flow in the rail transit network are summarized. The comparative analysis results among different traffic assignment methods used in the rail transit and other transport systems are gotten. With these analysis conclusions, an improved traffic assignment method based on the dual graphs of the rail transport trip paths is proposed. The study of an example supports the feasibility of the improved method.Many sorts of modern operation management equipment, such as Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) System, are used in the modern urban rail transit network system. The AFC system records detailed travel information of the passenger. Under the barrier-free transfer mode, a novel multi-route choice algorithm is proposed to determine which route is selected by the passenger. Via the trains run scheduling timetables and the transfer timetables, the corresponding travel path of each transaction record is confirmed by the algorithm. With the computing results, the passenger flow is assigned accurately. Under the specific application environment, the algorithm is optimized to improve its ability of handling massive records. By an experimental example, the result compared with the traditional ones verifies the validity of the novel method.According to the real engineering requirements and using the research results given before, the ticket fare clearing and passenger guiding systems based on the passenger assignment computing results are presented as case studies. At last, some major system functions based on the business processes and some operation interfaces are demonstrated.The thesis discusses the network structure and operation mode of the urban rail transit system. The complex network theory is used to analyze the complexity features of the rail transit network structure. The mainly impacted factors about passenger distribution variation in the urban rail transit network are deeply studied. The bigraph models are built to describe the passenger travel behaviors. The network topological dual diagram is used to describe the travel path in the urban rail transit system. A novel traffic assignment model and algorithm which can accurately reflect the result of passenger distribution are constructed. According to the real requirement and the research results the application of ticket fare clearing system and passenger guiding system are developed. By the way of combining theory with practice, the aims of the research are achieved. It is a useful exploration process for the deep study of relative fields of the dynamic passenger distribution in urban rail transit system.