The Main Features Of Structure And Function Of The Type Of Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest In Wuyishan

Broad-leaved evergreen forest, native to subtropical climate, is one of key terrestrial ecosystems .In the past decades, lots of researches had been focused on the structure and ecological function of south subtropical evergreen forest and north subtropical evergreen forest, but little research of middle subtropical evergreen forest. In this thesis, structure and ecological function of Castanopsis eyrei, Castanopsis fargesii Franch and Castanopsis carlesii community were investigated in experiment area. The main results were as follows:1. The simpson index,shannon-wiener diversity index, pielou evenness, PIE of Castanopsis eyrei community were 6.1906,2.7513,62.11%n0.8384, and Castanopsis fargesii Franch community werel2.0059,2.8950,80.79 %,0.9167, respectively. Furthermore, in Castanopsis eyrei community, there existed significant correlation between species diversity and altitude, soil moisture, soil pH(P<0.05),while the extremely significant correlation between the tree richness or shrub coverage and soil organic matter(P<0.01).2. The important value of Castanopsis carlesii were 77.98 in 2000, 75.65 in 2005, 78.75 in 2007, respectively, while the importance value of Elaeocarpaceae and Ebenaceae increased in 2005 versus in 2000, then decreased in 2007 and importance value of constructive species such as Fagaceae and Theaceae changed little in one period and status were relatively stable.3. Agestructures of Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis fargesii Franch population presented two types such as diminishing population and stable population, varied with different plots. From first class seedlings to six class trees, distribution of Castanopsis eyrei community was clumped to random to clumped, and Castanopsis fargesii Franch community was clumped to random. There existed significant relationship between annual ring width and minimum density(P<0.05).4. Biomass of Castanopsis fargesii Franch community was 259.941 t / hm~2, shoot / root ratio was 4.42.Biomass of Castanopsis eyrei community was correlated with age community, environmental factor included elevation, topography and soil was not correlated with age community.5. Average annual litter fall of Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis carlesii community in three years was 391.08 g/m~2 and 424.95 g/m~2 respectively. Correlation of month litter fall with month temperature ,month relative humid, month precipitation of Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis carlesii community was not significant (P>0.05). Average content of total nutrient elements in Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis carlesii community was ON>Ca>K>Mg>P.The seasonal differences of N and P in foliage litter fall in Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis carlesii community was bigger than those of Ca and Mg. 6. The mean CWD storage of Castanopsis eyrei and Castanopsis fargesii Franch community was 7.96 t/hm~2 and 9.19 t/hm~2 respectively. However, the variance of CWD storage of Castanopsis eyrei community was higher than that of Castanopsis fargesii Franch community. The C,N,P,K,Ca,Mg concentrations CWD stored of Castanopsis eyrei community were 3964.74 kg/hm~2 ,38.81 kg/hm~2 ,0.61 kg/hm~2 ,2.37 kg/hm~2 ,9.89 kg/hm~2,1.29 kg/hm~2,and these of Castanopsis fargesii Franch community were 4445.30 kg/hm~2 ,56.05 kg/hm~2 ,1.56 kg/hm~2 ,5.14 kg/hm~2 ,51.01 kg/hm~2,5.44 kg/hm~2 respectively.7. Annual mean diurnal range of air temperature in forest area and open area were 8.4℃and 11.7℃respectively. The average relative variance coefficient of forest area and open area in different months were 0.34 and 0.33, respectively, so were the relative humidities in forest area and open area .The monthly mean values of air relative humidity in open area was higher than those in forest area except December and July, but the days with high humidity in forest area was more than that in open area.8. There were 219 precipitations in 2004 and the total precipitation during this period was 1767.4mm. Throughfall,stemflow and interception were 1304.9 mm, 245.0 mm, 217.5 mm, respectively, accounted for 73.8%, 13.9%, 12.3% of precipitation, respectively. The throughfall varied at different points in the forest with the same precipitation, and there existed linear relationship between throughfall and total precipitation(P<0.05). With increasing in DBH(diameter of breast height), the stemflow decreased, and stemflow occurring was postponed. When precipitation was lower than 202.1 mm, the interception increased with precipitation increasing. When precipitation was higher than 202.1mm, the interception inclined to 52.5 mm..