| First Part:Literature studyThe type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is caused by insulin resistance or low level of insulin. It was named non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or maturity onset diabetes of the young. Though the T2DM is a genetic disease, but the mechanisms of it are not clear. Many studies have indicated that insulin resistance and dysfunction ofβcells are two important pathogenic factors of the T2DM. Sulfonylurea and metformin are orally drugs widely used in clinical cure in recent years.The gastrointestinal tract hormone plays an important role in diabetes. Researchers have carried on studies about gastrointestinal tract hormone to find a medicine which is safer and more effective. It is a new direction to in the research and development of new diabetes drug. More and more diabetes drugs have appeared, for exampleα-grape indicant enzyme inhibitors (α-GI), GLP-1, GLP-1 analogue and DDP-inhibitors, glucagons receptor antagonist. These drugs are designed to inhibit the effect of gastrointestinal tract hormone. It is a good way to cure T2DM.T2DM belongs to quench category in TCM, which is with more eat and drink, and urine than normal, and urine has a sweet taste. It is the characteristics of diabetic syndrome. The Medical Classic of the Yellow Emperor records varies type of diabetes. After that, there's thesis on it from many doctors in generations according to their experience they have made many discusses on the etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and therapeutic principle for diabetes.Among that,《Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases》of Zhangzhong Jing in the Eastern Han Dynasty provides the theoretical basis and clinical guidance to cure diabetes. The monograph records the etiology, pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and therapeutic principle for diabetes. The analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six pair of channels; differentiation of six channels and various prescriptions become to play important role in cure diabetes. In these years, a lot of researchers have done plenty studies on it and achieved remarkableprogresses.Tao He Cheng Qi Tang is from《Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases》, and it has been used in plenty of cases to cure the sickness and save the patients. In recent years, researchers have made plentiful works for using Tao He Cheng Qi Tang. Some decomposed recipes analyses have made progresses in diabetes mellitus treatment. We have carried out Series of clinical and animal experiments to explore how it works. These studies turned out that Tao He Cheng Qi Tang is a useful prescription to reduce blood lipid and glucose. After that, we do research on Jiang Tang San Huang Pian, which is modified Tao He Cheng Qi Tang, and have proved it can supplement Qi for reinforce Yin and expel Heat to remove Blood stasis.Second Part:Experimental StudyObjective:We studied the affection of Jiang Tang San Huang Pian on the expression level of Ghrelin,α-glycosidase. to primary discuss on mechanism. And to thorough research the underlying molecular mechanism。Method:Rats were divided into four groups randomly:normal control group, model control group, acarbose tablets group, and Jiang Tang San Huang Pian group. Type 2 diabetic rat models were established by feeding with high-lipid diet and intraperitoneal injection of small-dose streptozotocin (STZ) once. After 4 weeks treating by physiological saline, caboose tablets (20mg/kg/d), and San Huang Jiang Tang Pian (787.5mg/kg/d). By the end of 12th week, stopping given drugs for 24 hours, the blood were collected from femoral artery,Ⅰ.and then animal weight, free blood sugar(FBS), fasting insulin(FINS) were tested.And tissues such as liver, insulin, stomach and intestine were taken off from narcotized dead rats, and pathological lesions were analyzed.Ⅱ. At the same time, the tissue samples, including gastric, small intestine were collected, Ghrelin were inspected by immunohistochemical method; Ghrelin in blood plasma were inspected by ELSIA;Ⅲ. And small intestine were homogenated,α-glycosidase were inspected by ELISA. Result:Ⅰ. The blood glucose, weight and insulin level of Jiang Tang San Huang Pian group were higher than themselves before models were established (P<0.05). And there was no difference between the four treatment group (P> 0.05). But comparing, with the normal rats, Jiang Tang San Huang Pian can made some affection on lesion the fatty degeneration of rats'liver and inflammation in small intestine, but statistically insignificant. And mental symptoms and fur colors of rats in Jiang Tang San Huang Pian group was no differences with normal group.Ⅱ. Compared with the blank group, the level of Ghrelin in blood plasma was no difference (P all>0.05). Compared with the blank group, the expression of Ghrelin in stomach of other three groups significantly increased (P<0.01), but there were no differences among three groups. (P>0.05) Compared with the blank group, the expression of Ghrelin in small intestine were no noticeable distinction among these four groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, the expression of Ghrelin in stomach decline with the rise in FBS (P<0.01). Ghrelin expressed in stomach wall and small intestine, and the level in stomach wall was higher than that in small intestine.Ⅲ. There was no noticeable distinction among the four groups ofα-glycosidase.Conclusions:Ⅰ.Our study failed to illustrate the affection of Jiang Tang San Huang Pian on weight, blood sugar and insulin, but we found Jiang Tang San Huang Pian can greatly improve health status, and better than caboose tablets.Ⅱ. Jiang Tang San Huang Pian can make some affection on lesion the fatty degeneration of rats'liver and inflammation in small intestine,Ⅲ. Our study failed to illustrate the affection of Jiang Tang San Huang Pian on Ghrelin level of stomach wall, but the expression of Ghrelin in stomach of other three groups significantly increased. And the expression of Ghrelin in stomach can make affection on free blood sugar(FBS).In addition, Ghrelin expressed both in stomach wall and small intestine, and the level in stomach wall was higher than that in small intestine. IV. Our study failed to illustrate the affection of Jiang Tang San Huang Pian on content ofα-glycosidase in small intestine.
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