| Part One The gender differences and correlation factors of surrounding pericardium adipose tissueObjective:To investigate the gender differences and correlation factors of EAT, PAT, IAT adipose tissue volumes of subjects without coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.Materials and methods:One hundred and two subjects without coronary atherosclerosis demonstrated by coronary artery CT angiography (CCTA), and one hundred and two patients of coronary heart disease demonstrated by CCTA and coronary angiography (CAG) were recruited in this study. A pre-contrast low-dose CT scan to measure the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and coronary artery CTA were performed by a Dual Source CT scanner. The volumes of EAT, PAT and IAT were measured using axial data from base to apex traced manually with a dedicated semiautomatic software program-Volume. The gender differences of EAT; PAT, IAT volumes and related factors of these three adipose tissue (including gender, hight weight, BMI, age, smoke, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipemia) were analyzed. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:The volumes of EAT, IAT, PAT of male and female subjects without CAS were 94.1±40.6cm3,206.2±96.9cm3,112.4±64.2cm3,72.6±26.9cm3,129.5±57.3cm3,56.8±37.0cm3, respectively. The volume of EAT, PAT and IAT of male subjects were statistically higher than female subjects (P<0.05). The volumes of EAT, IAT, PAT of male patients and female patients were 102.2±40.2cm3,203.5±81.7cm3,101.3±49.1cm3,99.9±39.2cm3,161.3±64.1cm3,61.4±31.6cm3, respectively. The PAT and IAT of male patients were statistically higher than female patients (P<0.05), while there was no statistical difference of EAT volume between male and female patients (P>0.05). In subjects without CAS, the volumes of EAT; PAT and IAT are associated with gender, hight, weight, BMI, diabetes, and hyperlipemia. In CHD patients, the volumes of EAT; PAT and IAT were positively associated with weight and BMI, independent of age, smoke, diabetes and hyperlipemia. PAT and IAT were positive correlation to height and hypertension.Conclusion:The EAT, PAT, IAT volumes of subjects without CAS are statistically different in gender. No statistical difference of EAT volume is found between male and female CHD patients. In subjects without CAS, the volumes of EAT; PAT and IAT are associated with gender, hight, weight, BMI, diabetes, and hyperlipemia. The three volumes of CHD patients are positively associated with weight and BMI. Part Two Differences of surrounding pericardium adipose tissue between subjects without coronary atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease patientsObjective:To investigate the volume differences of surrounding pericardium adipose tissue between subjects without coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) and coronary heart disease (CHD) patients.Materials and methods:One hundred and two subjects without coronary atherosclerosis demonstrated by CCTA, and one hundred and two patients of coronary heart disease demonstrated by coronary artery CT angiography (CTA) and coronary angiography (CAG) were recruited in this study. A pre-contrast low-dose CT scan to measure the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and coronary artery CTA were performed by a Dual Source CT scanner. The volumes of EAT, PAT and IAT were measured using axial data from base to apex traced manually with a dedicated semiautomatic software program-Volume. The differences of EAT, PAT, IAT, and EAT/IAT between subjects without CAS and CHD patients were analyzed by t test. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:In male, there was no statistical difference of EAT, IAT, PAT volume between subjects without CAS and patients. None of the three volumes is related to CHD. In femle, the volumes of EAT and IAT were statistically different between subjects without CAS and patients, and related to CHD. While, statistical differences of EAT/IAT ratios were found in both gender between subjects without CAS and patients (in male P=0.0149<0.05, in female P=0.0436<0.05), and related to CHD either.Conclusion:In male, EAT/IAT ratio is related to CHD, while in female, the volumes of EAT, IAT and EAT/IAT ratio are related to CHD. Part Three Correlation of Volumes of Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Intrathoracic Adipose Tissue and the EAT/IAT Ratio With the Severity of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Coronary Heart PatientsObjective:To investigate the correlation of volumes of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), intrathoracic adipose tissue (IAT) and the ratio of EAT/IAT with the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis in coronary heart disease patients.Materials and methods:One hundred and two patients of coronary heart disease demonstrated by coronary artery CT angiography (CTA) and coronary angiography (CAG) were recruited in this study. A pre-contrast low-dose CT scan to measure the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and coronary artery CTA were performed by a Dual Source CT scanner. Furthermore, CACS was stratified as following grades:scores of 0 as grade 0, scores of 1-100 as grade 1,101-400 as grade 2, and >400 as grade 3. The volumes of EAT and IAT were measured using axial data from base to apex traced manually with a dedicated semiautomatic software program-Volume. The locations according to CTA and vessle stenosis according to CAG of all plaques were calculated to Gensini score in each patient. The correlation of volumes of EAT and IAT and ratio of EAT/IAT with calcification grades, CACS and Gensini scores were analyzed by Pearson test. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05.Results:In male patients, neither volumes of EAT and IAT, nor EAT/IAT ratio was correlated with calcification grades, CACS, or Gensini scores (P>0.05). In female patients, both EAT volume and IAT volume were correlated with calcification grades, r=0.47 (P=0.018<0.05), and r=0.50 (P=0.011<0.05), respectivly, but neither correlated with CACS or Gensini score. While EAT/IAT is negtively correlated with CACS, r=-0.421 (P=0.036<0.05), not correlated with calcification grades or Gensini scores.Conclusions:In male patients, neither volumes of EAT and IAT, nor EAT/IAT ratio can present the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis. In female patients, volumes of EAT and IAT and EAT/IAT are correlated with calcification, but not with Gensini score.
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