Right Atrial Enlargement Right Atrial Pulmonary Connection Operation Affect The Flow Visualization Of Pulsatile Flow

BackgroundThe in vitro hemodynamic simulation of human cardiovascukar systerm is one of the methods to study cardiovascular pathophysiology. Applications of artificial heart lung machine, heart valve prosthesis, left ventricular assistant device and the mechanism of thrombosis have made great progress in the clinical field of cardiovascular surgery.In recent years, there is a trend to apply this ressearching method to right heart systerm.Fontan procedure has been used clinically thirty years and it has used to correct many kinds of complex congenital heart anomalies with decreased pulmonary blood flow successfully. Three species of modified Fontan procedure has been developed include "right atrium to pulmonary artery connection(APC)", "right atrium to residual right ventricular connecyion (AVC)", "total cavopulmonary connection(TCPC)" . Hemodynamic simulation made a promoting role in the development of Fontan procedure and now focused on energy loss and flow field visualization. Tracing , laser-Doppler speed measurment and computer simulation are major tecchniques in flow field research. As far as we know, past research localized on steady flow of APC and TCPC. Right atrial dilation occuring late after the Fontan procedure is frequently associated with low output ststes, supraventricular arrhythmias, and atrial thrombus...