| Depression is a syndrome of mental disorder, which main character is bad mood and with relevant changes of ways of thinking and behavior. It is a normal mental disease which does great damage to human beings body and mental health. TCM has advantage and experience in treating the disease. But different scholar has different opinions in recognizing and curing the disease, which has influence in further research and improvement of curative effect.This research used ways of drawing psychological tables, establishing data-base, investigating clinical cases, and analyzing the data by no supervising. By researching the TCM theory, summarizing the rules of literature, clinical investigating and data analyzing, the research summarized the distributing character of the syndromes and symptoms of Depression both in literature and in clinical cases, found combined rules in symptoms of the disease, testified the objective of syndromes and syndrome-elements. The research also refined sixteen normal syndrome-elements of Depression, analyzed the correspond relationship with the symptoms. By providing the sufficient data, the research did some basic work of trying to standardize the syndrome-elements diagnosis on Depression, and provided a new way in the research of TCM syndrome.Objective1 To discuss the using of syndrome-elements theory and ways of data analyzing with no supervising in the research of TCM syndrome.2 To analyze the distributing character of symptoms, syndromes and syndrome-elements on Depression in the latter-day literature.3 To draw Depression questionnaire based on TCM diagnosis information and to judge it.4 To analyze the distributing character of symptoms, syndromes and syndrome-elements on Depression in the clinical cases.5 To explore and analyze the combined rules in clinical symptoms of Depression, to refine the normal syndrome-elements of the disease, and try to testify the correspond relationship between the symptoms and syndrome-elements.Methods1 theory researchBy regressing and analyzing the literature, the research reviewed the theory of syndrome-elements and the ways of analyzing the data with no supervising. By searching the literature of the latest 10 years of the syndromes on Depression, it established data-base, analyzed the distributing character of symptoms, syndromes and syndrome-elements on Depression in the literature.2 clinical researchBy using the ways of drawing modern times psychological tables for reference, on the base of literature analyzing, combining the clinical experience, the research drew Depression questionnaire based on TCM diagnosis information, and judged the questionnaire by the ways of combining reliability detection.By the ways of epidemiology transect investigation related with combination of disease and syndrome, the research investigated Depression patients which accord with the investigation criterion in six different provinces at the same time, established the data-base, and made statistics analysis with SPSS13.0 software by the descriptive, contrastive, correlative, regressive statistics ways.3 research of syndrome-elements based on the different ways of analyzing the data with no supervisingBy the ways of multidimensional rules analysis, the research described the distributing rules of the symptoms on the secondary dimension, and grouped the symptoms into different teams. By the ways of correlative analysis, it analyzed the correlative relationship between the symptoms. By the ways of factor analysis, it refined the common factor in the symptom groups. By the ways of clustering analysis, it classified the symptoms. By the ways of association coefficient analysis based on entropy, the clustering analysis based on expanded entropy and the Latent Class Models, it researched the associated relationship between the clinical symptoms. By comparing 7 different analysis ways, and combining with the judgment of the frame formula mode, it refined the normal combination of the symptoms, syndrome-elements and analyzed the association relationship between the symptoms and the syndrome-elements.Results1 theory researchBy regressing and analyzing the theory, the research reviewed the theory of syndrome-elements and the ways of analyzing the data with no supervising. It mentioned 50 names of the syndrome-elements, pointed out the idea of making the theory of syndrome-elements and the analysis ways on data with no supervising using in the research of syndrome.By analyzing the literature of the latest 10 years of the syndromes on Depression, summarized the normal symptoms on Depression are: depression mood, having no idea for what to say, negative mood, less moving, easy to angry, anxious, delayed mind, absent-mindedness, sensitivity, easy to cry, anorexia, insomnia, tired, less strength, dreamy, irregular menstruation, forgettery, susceptible to sigh, swirl, distention and pain in chest and hypochondrium and etc. Normal syndromes on Depression are: stagnation of the liver and qi stasis, deficiency of both the heart and the spleen, stagnation of liver qi and deficiency of the spleen, yin deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of kidney yin, deficiency of kidney yang, and etc. Normal syndrome-elements of location of disease are: liver, spleen, heart and etc. Normal syndrome-elements of nature of disease are: qi stagnation, qi deficiency, yin deficiency and etc.2 clinical researchThe research drew Depression questionnaire based on TCM diagnosis information, it had 83 symptoms, including 10 mental symptoms and 73 body symptoms. It judged the questionnaire by the ways of combining reliability detection, most of the reliability coefficient of Cronbach'αis more than 0.7.By analyzing the data, the research found that the most normal mental symptoms on Depression are: depression mood, fatigue in mental, be worried, scatterbrained, pessimism, forgettery, impatience and easy to angry, and etc. Normal body symptoms on Depression are: low quality of the sleep, less strength, dreamy, swirl, susceptible to sigh and etc. Normal syndromes are: stagnation of the liver and qi stasis, stagnation of liver qi and deficiency of the spleen, deficiency of both the heart and the spleen, deficiency of the heart spirit, and etc. Normal syndrome-elements of location of disease are: liver, spleen, heart and etc. Normal syndrome-elements of nature of disease are: qi stagnation, yin deficiency, phlegm, heat (fire) and etc. It established the regression formula with 7 syndrome-elements of location of disease and 9 syndrome-elements of nature of disease. The total correctness of every formula is more than 70%.3 research of syndrome-elements based on the different ways of analyzing the data with no supervisingThe research refined 10 syndrome-elements of nature of disease, and 6 syndrome-elements of location of disease, and analyzed the association relationship between the symptoms and the syndrome-elements. syndrome-elements of nature of disease:①qi stagnation-susceptible to sigh, distention and fullness in chest and hypochondrium, mulligrubs, fullness of the head, feel suffocated, distention and pain in chest and hypochondrium;②qi deficiency-chest distress, less strength, shortness of breath, pessimism, fatigue in mental, indifferent expression;③yang deficiency-soreness and weakness in lower back and knees, cold in extremities, sore and pain in waist, lassitude of limbs;④yin deficiency-spontaneous sweating, dry mouth and throat, thirsty and want to drink, night sweat, less strength, tidal heat, hot feeling in palm and sole;⑤heat-be worried, impatience and easy to angry, red tongue, red cheek, yellow tongue coating;⑥damp-heaviness of head, less strength, lassitude of limbs, slippery tongue coating;⑦phlegm-head like be wrapped, different feeling in throat, unbelieving, slippery pulse;⑧blood stasis-tongue with ecchymosis, distention and pain in chest and hypochondrium, bellyache, thirsty but not want to drink, headache;⑨blood deficiency-forgettery, dry and uncomfortable feeling of eyes, stasis pulse, scatterbrained, tinnitus;⑩essence deficiency-scatterbrained, forgettery, thready pulse, soreness and weakness in lower back and knees.syndrome-elements of location of disease:①liver-susceptible to sigh, be worried, distention and fullness in chest and hypochondrium, distention and pain in chest and hypochondrium, taut pulse, feel suffocated, strain, windy, shortness of breath;②spleen-distending pain in epigastrium, nausea, windy, teeth printed tongue, sticky stool, indifferent expression, fatigue in mental;③stomach-distending pain in epigastrium, nausea, anorexia, greasy tongue coating, thick tongue coating, yellow tongue coating;④kidney-forgettery, scatterbrained, soreness and weakness in lower back and knees, sore and pain in waist, dry and uncomfortable feeling of eyes, tinnitus, lassitude of limbs;⑤heart-forgettery, scatterbrained, palpitation, shortness of breath, feel suffocated, sorrow to cry, hard to sleep, chest distress;⑥gallbladder - timidity, unbelieving, mulligrubs, hard to decide, pessimism, heavy-footed.Conclusion1 theory researchUsing the analysis ways on data with no supervising, making syndrome-elements the center points when researching the syndrome criterion, is a new way to explore the research mode of TCM syndromes.By analyzing the literature, the research analyzed the distributing character of symptoms, syndromes and syndrome-elements on Depression in the literature. And try to refine the syndrome-elements, testify the possibility of the research of syndrome-elements.2 clinical researchThe research drew a Depression questionnaire based on TCM diagnosis information, which has great reliability and good coherence with clinical research. It explored ways of drawing and judging questionnaire which reflects the clinical symptoms and syndromes information by using the ways of drawing modern times psychological tables for reference.It summarized the distributing character of symptoms, syndromes and syndrome-elements on Depression in the clinical cases, and established the regression formula with 7 syndrome-elements of location of disease and 9 syndrome-elements of nature of disease. It provided some supports on dada analysis of syndrome-elements. It also provided ways of combining disease and syndrome together when collecting clinical information of TCM symptoms and syndromes in epidemiology transect investigation.3 research of syndrome-elements based on the different ways of analyzing the data with no supervisingBy using 7 different analysis ways on the data with no supervising, and combining with the judgment of the frame formula mode, it refined 16 normal syndrome-elements on Depression and analyzed the association relationship between the symptoms and the syndrome-elements. By providing the sufficient data, the research did some basic work of trying to standardize the syndrome-elements diagnosis on Depression, and provided a new way of data analysis and explanation by specialty knowledge in the research of TCM syndrome and syndrome-element.
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