Motherwort Alkaloids Regulation Of Nutritional Condition And Its Action Mechanism

Medicinal plants cultivation is an effective pathway to implement persistent exploitation of medicinal plant. However, the quality decline of the cultured medicinal plants has become a very important problem to affect the quality of Chinese medicine. So, how to promote the quality of medical materials by standardized cultivation measures is an emergency problem to solve. Fertilization is the core of the culture measures, so it is essential to study the manure in medicinal plant. In this paper, Leonurus japonicus Houtt. which could be influenced extremely by nutrition elementum at significant level is selected. The quality of its wild herbs and main characteristics of the soil environment was studied and the outdoor field N, P, K fertilizer efficiency test, outdoor potted N, P ,K, and different trace elements spraying fertilizer efficiency test and indoor nitrogen, manganese and pH water nutrient solution cultured experiment was designed to handle its alkaloid biosynthesis and accumulation regulation. Main conclusions are as follows:1. Stachydrine contents of L. japonicus in distinct region was different notably(P<0.05), and also has extremely difference in different parts(P<0.01), its level of the order is : propagate locum>leafage >caulis. The pH was positively correlated with leaf alkaloid (r = 0.58). It shows that alkaline soil is conducive to stachydrine synthesis.2. Outdoor field and potted test of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization come to the same conclusion. The infect to the indicators of height, diameter, leaf area, yield and physiological indicators of chlorophyll and carotenoid, soluble protein content, photosynthesis and stachydrine and total alkaloid content achieved a very significant level (P<0.01). The order of the impact is nitrogen better than potassium and phosphate. Different density traceelement has vary degree of promotion action to the stachydrine contents of L. japonicus. It's proper order is manganese> zinc> iron> molybdenum>check against.3. Different nitrogen (P<0.01), manganese (P<0.01) and pH (P<0.05) treatment have remarkably impact on stachydrine contents of hydroponic cultured L. japonicus.4. The stachydrine biosynthetic pathway was hypothesized, and the key intermediate products of the synthesis was monitored and analysed. Different impact mechanisms were found in three measures. The key location of the nitrogen occurred in the step ofα-ketoglutarate going to Glu amino acid and the step of Schiff reaction for alkaloid formation . While the key locatin of pH accured only in the step ofα-ketoglutarate going to Glu amino acid. The promoting function of manganese performed at each steps. The key intermediate products which can promote the stachydrine to 0.8% in the functional leaves is: Pyruvic acid =35μg/g,α-ketoglutarate =75μg/g,Glu= 0.229mg/100mg, Orn= 0.006mg/100mg, total AA= 1.419mg/100mg. At this time the Jasmonic acid content is 1163 ng/g.5. Through hormone analysis, significant correlation was found between jasmonic acid and stachydrine (r=0.93). Jasmonic acid was determined to be the signal materials of stachydrine. In the 20 kinds of amino acids analysised, 9 kinds has remarkably relation with stachydrine. They are: Glu, Orn, CySO3H, Asp, Ser,γ-ABA, Lys, His and Arg. Their correlation coefficient is equally 0.96.6. 5mmol/L nitrogen and 0.6×10-3mmol/L manganese nourishment liquid was founed to be the best needed for hydroponic cultured L. japonicus. The same result was obtained from field and potted experiment. Best nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer dosage for the sandy soil cultivated L. japonicus is: nitrogen =40g/m2, phosphor =44.8 g/m2, potassium =33.3 g/m2. Spraying a little amount of nourishment liquid with Mn,Zn and Fe trace-element on this foundation, will benefit its alkaloid contents further. The Characteristics and innovation of this paper is as follows:1. Field, potted and hydroponic culturing methods was adopted to monitor and research the mechanism of nutritional affect on growth, physiology, biosynthetic pathways and alkaloids content of L. japonicus. The mechanism of the regulation of alkaloid was revealed.2. The tests show the environment protection and cost-cutting fertilization measures. Improve the contents of effective ingredients by spraying appropriate trace element solution on the basis of few reasonable application of the substantial elements of N, P, K ratio.3. The stachydrine biosynthetic pathway was hypothesized and was proved to be reasonable. Found the key the step of the biosynthetic pathway, step ofα-ketoglutarate going to Glu amino acid and the step of schiff reaction for alkaloid formation .4. Discover Jasmonic acid as the signal transduction material of stachydrine. And initially determined nine kinds of amino acids which were connected remarkably with stachydrine of L. japonicus.5. Improved the HPLC measurement method for stachydrine determination of L. japonicus. Improved the benefit method of HPLC for organic acids.