| Swertia punicea Hemsl is a plant from Gentianaceae. It possesses the function on clearing away heat-dampness from the liver and gallbladder, and used for hepatitis, cholecystitis, toothache and carbuncle etc. 5. punicea Hemsl contains some xantone compositions such as bellidifolin. According to the literature bellidifolin has hypoglycaemic activity and mutagenesis, while Liriope spicata var. prolifera Y. T. Ma has hypoglycaemic and anti-mutation activity. In order to further solve the mutagenesis problem of bellidifolin, and to research the cooperative relation of these two Chinese medicines, this paper studied the hypoglycaemic activity of S. punicea Hemsl and polysaccharide from Liriope spicata var. prolifera Y. T. Ma.The hyperglycemia balb/c mice which were induced by low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) and high calorie food are used to screen the hypolglycaemic activity ingredients from S. punicea Hemsl. The four fractions (ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and the water-soluble) were obtained from 5. punicea Hemsl. Meanwhile, we observe its influence on FBG, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance after the hyperglycemia mice have been givn this drugs. The results showed that the ethyl acetate and the water-soluble fractions have strong inhibitory effect on FBG of the balb/c mice under the condition of 50mg·kg-1, P<0.05. They have also very significant effect on the insulin resistance, P<0.01. After the hyperglycemia mice were treated with the four fractions for 6 d , they were given glucose 2·kg-1 glucose by gavage. we observed the effect of the four fractions on glucose tolerance after 30min, 60min and 120 min. The ethyl acetate, the n-butanol and the water-soluble fractions strongly improved glucose tolerance of mice on 50mg·kg-1, P<0.05. Giving the four fractions to normal mice , we observed the hypoglycaemic activity and the effect-dose relations of them, The ethyl acetate fractions have strongly inhibited FBG on 50mg·kg-1, P<0.05. We come to the conclusion that the ethyl acetate and the water-soluble fractions have hypoglycaemic activity .Through the hyperglycemia balb/c mice, we observe the hypoglycaemic activity of two compounds, bellidifolin and swertianolin from S. punicea Hemsl . After giving this compounds for 7d, we measure the PBG of mice . We come to the conclusion that bellidifolin strongly inhibited FBG on 50mg·kg-1, P<0.05, while swertianolin has no effect. So only bellidifolin has hypoglycaemic effect.Based on the hyperglycemia mice, we observed the hypoglycemic action of the polysaccharide from Liriope spicata var. prolifera Y. T. Ma We found that the polysaccharide strongly inhibited FBG on 50mg·kg-1, P<0.05. After the mice were given glucose 2·kg-1 glucose by gavage, we observed the effect of the polysaccharide on glucose tolerance . We found that the polysaccharide strongly improved glucose tolerance of mice on 50,100mg·kg-1, P<0.01. So,the polysaccharide from Liriope spicata var. prolifera Y. T. Ma have hypoglycaemic activity and can improve the glucose tolerance.Based on the hyperglycemia mice, we observe the synergistic effect of the two materias, bellidifolin and the polysaccharide from Liriope spicata var. prolifera Y. T. Ma . We found that bellidifolin strongly inhibited FBG on 100mg·kg-1 after 14d, P<0.05, and the mixture of two strongly inhibited FBG on 50,100 mg·kg-1 after 14d, P<0.05. When they were treated with bellidifolin and the polysaccharide for 7d , the mice were given glucose 2·kg-1 glucose by gavage. We observed the effect of the bellidifolin and the polysaccharide on glucose tolerance. Bellidifolin strongly improved glucose tolerance of mice on 25, 50 mg·kg-1 after 60, 120 min. The mixture of two strongly improved glucose tolerance of mice on 25, 50, 100 mg·kg-1 after 60, 120 min. So bellidifolin and the polysaccharide have hypoglycaemic activity and improved the glucose tolerance. But the mixture have no obvious advantage over using bellidifolin respectively on the hypoglycaemic activity.We extract RNA from the kidney of hyperglycemia mice, and investigate the PPARγmRNA gene expression with RT-PCR method in mice. But there was no significant difference in PPARγmRNA gene expression level (P>0.05).We study the genotoxicity of bellidifolin, in vivo, using the micronucleus test of polychromatic erythocytes in bone marrow. Acute test showed that maximum tolerance (MTD) of the bellidifolin was 15g·kg-1. The micronucleus test showed that the test results from bellidifolin groups at 10.0, 5.0, 2.5g·kg-1 of the high,medium and low dosage, compared with the negative control, revealed no significant difference.In vitro, using TA97, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 detect strains of salmonella typhimurium with or without the addition of liver microsomal enzyme activation system(+/-S9). We study the genotoxicity of bellidifolin. The Ames test showed that under the precondition of a certain concentration and with S9 or non S9 the number of colony induced revertant colonies did not exceed beyond two times. This study suggest that bellidifolin have no significant genotoxicity.
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