Three Diamensions Visualization Of Human Hip Joint And Its Clinical Application

PartⅠThe control study of hip joint: thin sectional anatomy with CT and MRIObjective: To study the thin sectional anatomy and CT and MR imaging of hip joint.Materials and methods: 1)Three adult cavitas pelvis specimens were selected and soaked in formalin(10%), each specimen was imaged with CT and MRI. 2)Visible human technique was used to collect human hip joint data. Four anatomical atlas of thin serial section images of hip joint were obtained, including one transverse section, one coronal, one oblique coronal and one sagittal section. Every serial thin sections of hip joint were observed and were compared with correspond the images of CT and MRI to search the best reveal direction of the object structrues.Results: Serial sections of 0.5mm slice thickness for the axial, coronal, oblique coronal and sagittal levels of hip joint with frozen section technique were obtained. The resulting sections demonstrated excellent distinction of bone and joint, ligaments, nerves and blood vessels of hip joint and their adjacent structures. We found a good overall correlation between sections and images of CT an MRI.Conclusions: There is a good corresponding relation in slice dissection and CT and MRI. In combination with CT and MRI, serial thin sections of hip joint offers a better understanding of the complex anatomy of hip joint and provides a morphological basis for imaging diagnosis and therapy of hip joint.PartⅡVisualization and CT Three Diamensions Reconstruction of Human Hip JointObjective: To build digitized visible anatomical model and to evaluate the value of CT three dimensional (3D CT) reconstruction of hip joint.Materials and methods: 1)The pelvis images data of the First Female Chinese Visible Human Data Set were selected. After being recognized and segmented by the Photoshop software, the target objects of hip joint were visualized reconstructed on SGI workstation and personal computer with photo segment software. 2)20 cases complained hip joint problem scaned with CT and 30 cases who had performed computed tomography angiography (CTA) from aorta to artery of lower extremity were selected. Three diamensions reconstruction of hip joint bone and artery were observed and were compared with the digitized visible anatomical model.Results: The digitized visible anatomical model demonstrated bone and soft structures of hip joint very well, the structures could be displayed singly or in small groups, could be cut freely and continuously rotated in 3D space. The creation of visible anatomical hip joint model can be used for the digital anatomy teaching. 3D CT reconstruction could clearly delineate the fracture and dislocation of hip joint, and computed tomography angiography can reveal the physiological and pathological information of hip joint artery, especially with volume rendering technique. 3D CT can help make surgical individualization planning for the hip joint.Conclusions: The 3D digitized visible anatomical model has an obvious advantage in the study of the complex anatomy of hip joint and offer unique insights to it. It can reveal the actual adjacent relation of hip joint.3D CT reconstruction has important value in diagnosis and treatment to bone and artery diseases of hip joint.PartⅢCT Measurement of Hip Joint in Vivo and clinical valueObjective: To provide the criterion for imaging diagnosis of hip joint through CT measurement.Materials and methods: 108 cases who had performed CT scan were selected. 50 adults′hip joints have no hip structural disease, and 20 cases have unilateral developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH), and 38 cases have unilateral femoral neck fracture. Parameters include collodiaphyseal angle, angle of anteversion angle of declination,proso-angulus acetabularis and post-angulus acetabularis,proso-center edge angle and post- center edge angle were measured in the images in transverse, coronal, oblique coronal and sagittal plane. Compare the collodiaphyseal angle that measured in coronal, oblique coronal plane and 3D CT. Compare the two hip joint collodiaphyseal angle that measured in DDH. Compare the datum that measured in accordance with scan bed and the body coronal plane. The datum was analyzed statistically.Results: the collodiaphyseal angle that measured in coronal , oblique coronal plane and 3D CT are respectively 134.7°±6.99°,128.45°±4.40°,126.28°±4.63°, There were significant difference between coronal and oblique coronal plane, coronal and 3D CT (P<0.01). There was not significant difference between oblique coronal plane and 3D CT (P>0.05). Compare the two hip joint collodiaphyseal angle that measured in DDH, Compare the data that measured in accordance with scan bed and the human body coronal plane, There were significant difference (P<0.01).Conclusions: CT measurement of hip joint in vivo aids us to understand the complex anatomy of hip joint. The concept of oblique coronal plane and the human body coronal plane have important value in measurement of hip joint in vivo. it provides exact quantization index in the diagnosis and treatment of hip joint pathological changes.