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Study On Healthy Cities Project Evaluation In Shanghai

Posted on:2010-09-27Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:S B GuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1114360278454423Subject:Occupational and Environmental Health
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Healthy city project is an item of global health promotion strategy proposed by WHO. It focuses on solving a series of serious ecological environmental factors that influence the natural ecosystem and the human health, while the urbanization brings many profits in view of for the humanity. Shanghai is an over 18,000,000 resident populations' megapolis and the biggest economic central city in China. How do effectively improve the urban environment and the residential health is a long-term challenge and the arduous task. Based on the pilot of healthy city project in Jiading Distract in 1996, Shanghai government started the first turn of three-year healthy city project in 2003. Till 2008, two turns of three-year healthy city project has already been fulfilled. It was necessary to conduct a comprehensive and full-scale evaluation for the projects in order to find the deficiency, obstacle. Although the project has obtained very many very good data, definitely the result and has discovered the insufficiency, a comprehensive, aborative, full-scale evaluation for Shanghai 6 years healthy cities project is obligatory. We can analysis the enfluent factors of sustainablely implementing healthy city in a mega-city under Chinese culture, as well as summarize the achievements and find its deficiencies, obstacles, and problems, which will further drive the participant heightens and increase the healthy cities confidence, and provide the scientific basis for the healthy city development. The present study fully evaluated the two turns three-year's healthy city project in Shanghai, which included getting over the process of the project, analysing the achievements of project which included the change of healthy cities idea, the improvement of the environment quality, the enhancement of the urban infrastruction and the population health obtain, finding the alternatives in exterior and interior environment. It is hoped that more investments for healthy city project may be made by participants, the deficiencies in implementing the project before be resolved, the stretegies and measurements for health be adopted scientifically. In addition, feasible methods for the evaluation of the healthy city project in China could be summarized and scientific evidences and model for sustainable development in healthy city project is found from the present study.Three methods for collecting information including consulting literature, second materials adopted, and survey were employed in the study. In addition, other methods such as qualitative and the quota conventional method for analysis, especially the expert consults, the Delphi technique, the project cookbook and so on were also applied. As the healthy city project is a brand-new strategy for health, it is necessary to study the process of the healthy city project and the method of the evaluation for healthy city project. Because the period of two three-year's turn project covered 6 years, the collection materials were extremely numerous and diverse. Therefore in the evaluation for healthy city project, how clears off the evaluation goal, content, mode, result report form was key point in the present study. In the first, the study conducted an evaluation by three levels and three aspects, then a designed evaluation route, especially to explore the evaluation method for healthy city project.In the beginning the study reviewed the progress of the healthy city project, indicated the importance of evaluation, and analysis of the main problems and challenge in the evaluation for healthy city project. First turn and the second turn of the healthy city project was introduced, including main content, working routine in Shanghai. The background for evaluation of the healthy city project was described. Simultaneously, the process and frame of evaluation for Shanghai healthy city project were summaried. The frame included three levels that are forming planning, acting process, and outcome. Each level has three aspects: personal aspect, community aspect, and city aspect. The frist part of the present study evaluated the forming planning of Shanghai healthy city project. It included the residential demand investigation, the government functional departments investigates, priority action. The investigation showed that 43.8% inhabitants thought "building healthy society" was the best topic of the healthy city project; 66.7% inhabitants thought "clean neat non-pollution environment" was the most important content about environment in the healthy city project. In term of the health, 37.2% inhabitants thought "counterfeit spurious food" was most serious problem. For the medical services in the city, the inhabitants' first choice was "the government can provide the medical insurrance (49.5% inhabitants)". By investigating and consulting with the departments of municipal government, the study raises clearly the duty of relative government departments and their functions in healthy city project. Unified the resident's investigation, the study formed the priority action in healthy city project, such as"building healthy environment", "provided security food", "five person-action", and so on. The second part of the study focused on the evaluation for the process of Shanghai healthy city project. It included two parts, one was about organizational system, which analyzed what was the leadership and how to organize leader group. It compared the organizational structure changed before and after implementing the healthy city project. The seconds was evaluation for the health-related policy change. According to the policy change theory and the evaluation theory, the study selected government departments who participate in the healthy city project. Through reviewing history records, the policy formulation, policy revision, policy mobilization in the analysis period and the policy changing were compared. In the 6-years healthy city project, policy played an important role in promotion citizen health level, and change for health better to better.The third part of the study was the outcome of Shanghai healthy city project. The final goal of the project was to improve resident's health level, which figured out 3 levels 9 variables. The personal level included healthy knowledge, healthy behavior, and healthy condition. After implementation of the project for 6 years, the healthy knowledge score had a big enhancement. For example, 83.2% citizen approvals "the vaccination flu vaccine might reduce contracts flu the opportunity"; 82.8% people pointed out the lifestyle should be the attention "the balance meals"; 82.7% people thought they should "play more exercises"; 81.0% people choose "the no-smoking frequently, limit the liquor"; 80.6% people thought that they should "have good mood in everyday"; 54.1% people thought they should "control body weight"; The health level had the obvious change: the infectious disease mobility dropped continually, the life expectancy increased from 79.66 years old in 2002 to 81.28 years old in 2008. The community participation had had the archery target change: 16.2% investigation inhabitants participated more than 3 times in constructing the activities related to healthy community, almost all of kinds of organizations in community also participated in the healthy city project, especially some had certain government supported organization, such as residents' committee, mediation group and so on. Some non-govenmental organizations also participate positively in the healthy city project, such as estate managed company, kinds of sport group and so on. The healthy city project got achievement in city level development manifests China's characteristic. The city setting is all more advantageous to human's healthy development, such as health service, local economy, urban infrastruction, as well as the culture and spiritual.In summary, the Shanghai healthy city project were designed and acted under the healthy promotion theory strictly and based on the situation of Shanghai. By two turns healthy city project action for 6 years, the ideas of healthy cities and philosophy of health had been obvious changed. Almost everyone knows the healthy city project in Shanghai. Health service, local economy, urban infrastruction, as well as the culture and spiritual were more advantageous to human's healthy development.
Keywords/Search Tags:healthy cities, evaluation, health promotion, community participant
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