| Anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint stability is important to maintain the structure,its role is mainly expressed in the anterior tibial control and turned inside and outside of the knee and rotation adjustment.Within the femoral condyle is an important component of the knee.ACL injury clinically are common,often leads to secondary injury in the knee.However,ACL injury would not affect the femoral condyle with the cartilage,little current research.In this study,the use of bio-mechanical method combined with statistical analysis of clustering methods on the fiber bundle ACL functional splitter;and on this basis,the use of biomechanical and histological methods of observation after the ACL injury in different parts of femoral condyles in biomechanics characteristics and pathological changes;At the same time,detection of IL-β,MMP-13 expression.For ACL injury in femoral condyle of the impact and provide a theoretical basis. Chapter1 The biomechanical study of ACL bundles' functional classificationObjective:To investigate the functional bundle division of the ACL.Methods:6 fresh cadaveric knees from adult human beings were used.Selected the bilateral anterior part of the ACL tibial insertion and the bilateral posterior part of the ACL femoral insertion The strain on the ACL bundles was measured when the knees were applied with 800N axial loading force in 0°,30°,60°,90°positions.The bundles were functional classified by cluster analysis.Results:1.In 0°position,the strain on the posterolateral and anterolateral bundles was significantly larger than the posteromedial and anteromedial bundles(P＜0.05),There were no significant diference between the posterolateral and anterolateral bundles(P＞0.05) and so did the posteromedial and anteromedial bundles(P＞0.05);In 30°and 90°position,the strain on the posteromedial and anteromedial bundles was significantly larger than the posterolateral and anterolateral bundles (P＜0.05),There were no significant difference between the posteromedial and anteromedial bundles(P＞0.05) and so did the posterolateral and anterolateral bundles(P＞0.05);In 60°position,the strain on the posteromedial bundle was the largest,and then the anteromedial,posterolateral,anterolateral bundle,the differences among bundles were all significant(P＜0.05).2.The strain on the posteromedial and anteromedial bundles was increased by degrees when the knee flexed 0°,30°,60°,90°,and all the difference were significant(P＜0.01); There were no significant changes of the strain on the anterolateral bundle among different angles(P＞0.05).The strain on the posterolateral bundle in 60°position was larger than 0°,30°,90°positions,the differences were significant(P＜0.05);The strain in 30°position was significantly smaller than 0°and 90°positions(P＜0.05),but the difference of strain between 0°and 90°positions was not significant (P＞0.05).3.Cluster analysis classfied the anteromedial bundle and the posteromedial bundle as one class and the anterolateral and posterolateral bundles as the other class.Conclusion:Extension after ACL knee lateral fiber bundle and the former lateral strain than the fiber bundle fiber bundle after the medial area of the medial preoptic area and the fiber bundle.Knee flexion after the medial area of fiber bundles and fiber bundles anteromedial lateral strain after more than fiber bundles and fiber strain anterolateral area shows that after the lateral fiber bundle and the former major lateral fibers to maintain the knee joint extended stability of fibers after the medial area of the medial preoptic area and the main fiber bundle to maintain the stability of knee flexion.Combining the results of cluster analysis that can be divided into pre-ACL,the posterolateral fiber bundles of the two functions. Chapter 2 The biomechanical influence of ACL rupture on the Within the femoral condyleObjective:To investigate the biomechanical influences of partial and total ACL rupture on the Within the femoral condyle and provide theoretic evidence for ACL repair and rehabilitation.Methods:10 fresh cadaveric knees from adult human beings were divided into ACL intact group,AMB broken group,PLB broken group(and ACL total broken group.The knees were applied with 200N～800N axial loading force when they flexed 0°,30°,60°,90°.The strain on the Within the femoral condyle was measured and analysed.Results:In 0°position,the straining of the anterior part,middle part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler shows no significant difference between PLB rupture group and ACL complete rupture group,complete ACL group and AMB rupture group under the load of 200N and 400N,P＞0.05;significant difference is showed among the straining of the anterior part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler under the loads of 600N and 800N,P＜0.05,the straining of middle part on the Within the femoral condyler shows no significant difference among all the groups under the loads of 600N and 800N,P＞0.05;under the same load and angle of flexion,the correlateion of the absolute value of straining in every group of the anterior part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler increases in this way of ACL complete rupture group＞PLB rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞complete ACL group,But,middle part on the Within the femoral condyler increases in this way of ACL complete rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞PLB rupture group＞complete ACL group.In 30°position,the straining of the anterior part,middle part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler shows no significant difference between complete ACL group and PLB rupture group,AMB rupture group and ACL complete rupture group under the load of 200N and 400N,P＞0.05;significant difference is showed among all the groups under the loads of 600N and 800N,P＜0.05;under the same load and angle of flexion,the correlateion of the absolute value of straining in every group increases in this way of A CL complete rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞PLB rupture group＞complete ACL group.In 60°position,the straining of the anterior part and middle part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler shows significant difference among all experiemental groups under the load of 200N and 400N and 600N and 800N,P＜0.05;under the same load and angle of flexion, the correlateion of the absolute value of straining in every group increases in this way of A CL complete rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞PLB rupture group＞complete ACL group.In 90°position,the straining of the anterior part and middle part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler shows significant difference among all experiemental groups under the load of 200N and 400N and 600N and 800N,P＜0.05. under the same load and angle of flexion,the correlateion of the absolute value of straining in every group of the anterior part on the Within the femoral condyler increases in this way of A CL complete ACL group＞PLB rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞complete rupture group, but,every group of middle part and posterior part on the Within the femoral condyler increases in this way of A CL complete rupture group＞AMB rupture group＞PLB rupture group＞complete ACL group.Conclusion:1.PLB cut off in the knee in extension position of the femoral condyle before,during and after each part of the strain affects both.2.AMB cut off in the knee flexion with the femoral condyle on before, during and after each part of the strain affects both.3.ACL completely cut off,with the condyle of the femur before,during and after each part of the strain affects both. Chapter 3 The histological influence of ACL rupture on the Within the femoral condyler cartilageObjective:To investigate the tissue construction changes and IL-1,MMP-13 express in the Within the femoral condyler cartilage,to further explore the influence of ACL rupture on the Within the femoral condyler cartilage.Methods:48 male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups,and all were under one side posterior leg ACL cut and the opposite side as the control.HE staining and immunohistochemical methods were used.Tissue construction and IL-1β,MMP-13 expression changes of the lateral tibial plateau cartilage were observed 1,3,6,8 weeks later.Results:1.Gross observation:As the time lasted,the Within the femoral condyler cartilage had the color changed,the gloss decreased,the surface abrased and even had ulcer on the cartilage.2.Routine HE staining:There are abnormal cartilage surface and cell disposition after 3 weeks.The Mankin scores in experimental groups increased as the time lasted,the differences among the groups were all significant(P＜0.01); there was no significant difference between 1-week group and control group(P＞0.05),the Mankin scores in the other experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.01).3.IL-1β expression:All the experimental groups had higher IL-1βexpression than that in control groups(P＜0.01).In experimental groups,IL-1βexpressed significantly lower in 1-week group than that in 3,6,8-week groups (p＜0.05);In 6-week group,IL-1βexpressed higher than that in 3-week group and 8-week group(P＜0.01).IL-1βexpressed higher in 8-week group than that in 3-week group(P＜0.01).There were no signifigant differences among the control groups(P＞0.05).4.MMP-13 expression: All the experimental groups had higher IL-1βexpression than that in control groups(P＜0.01).In experimental groups,MMP-13 expressed significantly lower in 1-week group than that in 3,6,8-week groups (p＜0.01);In 6-week group,MMP-13 expressed higher than that in 3-week group and 8-week group(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference between 3-week group and 8-week group(P＞0.05).There were no signifigant differences among the control groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:1.Confirmed ACL rupture with secondary femoral condyle caused by degeneration of cartilage tissue.Femur fracture within2.ACL condylar cartilage after IL-1β,MMP-13 expression prompt delivery IL-1β,MMP-13 may be broken after ACL femoral condyle cartilage degeneration in one of the factors.
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