Five-Year Study On Diabetes Syndrome-Genomics Through Twins Research

Objective:1. To explore clinical index for kidney-deficiency syndrome in type 2 diabetes.2. To explore candidate genes and their molecular mechanisms of kidney-deficiency diabetes through typical twins research.Method:1. Five-year consecutive observations for a monozygotic twin pair with kidney-deficiency diabetes.2. Statistical analysis for historical and current survey medical data.3. Clinical investigations with scaling tables on four diagnosis, kidney-deficiency, and blood stasis.4. cDNA microarray tests to screen out potential differentially expressed genes for type 2 diabetes and real-time PCR tests for the verification of these genes.Results:1. A twin pair and her families were systematically investigated for the evolution of their kidney-deficiency diabetes during the last consecutive five year periods.2. The similarities and differences of behaviors between modern and ancient diabetes were identified.3. The distribution of kidney-deficiency diabetes was explored through syndrome sub-classes of kidney-yang deficiency, kidney-yin deficiency, kidney-jin deficiency, and kidney-qi deficiency.4. It was discovered that the symptoms of diabetes were heavier in North China than in South China.5. Gene interleukin-18 was screened out and verified as a candidate gene which may play important roles in kidney-deficiency diabetes. Discussion:Based on my Master Thesis of'Kidney-deficiency syndrome and gene expression profileof a twin pair of diabetics', this dissertation is further extended in two fields:First, multi-disciplines, multi-resources and multi-approaches were comprehensively employed to explore the distribution of kidney-deficiency diabetes. The relationship between syndrome in TCM and differentially expressed genes was further explored.Second, some candidate genes were screened out and verified through five-year consecutive observations on a monozygotic twin pair with kidney-deficiency diabetes.