The Application Of WCX Magnetic Beads Combined MALDI-TOF MS In Detecting Differentially Expressed Proteins In Serum And Urine Of Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma

BackgroundThe early symptoms of renal clear cell carcinoma are often not obvious, and we are short of accurate and sensitive tumor marker for diagnosis and monitoring of renal clear cell carcinoma in clinical practice. Most tumor markers are proteins with abnormal expression. By means of dynamic analysis of proteins, we can detect the minor index and early symptoms of disease. The emphasis of proteomics is to search for proteins differentially expressed in cancer. Therefore proteomics provide an ideal technology platform for the screening tumor marker of renal cell carcinoma.Part IObjectiveThe application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in detecting differentially expressed proteins in serum of renal clear cell carcinoma.MethodsWCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS are applied in order to screen differentially expressed proteins in serum of renal clear cell carcinoma. Genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to establish diagnosis model.Results1. We are the first to apply WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in screening differentially expressed proteins in serum of renal clear cell carcinoma. And the technique has good reproducibility, feasibility and credibility.2. We are the first to find many proteins statistically differentially expressed in serum with application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF-MS between the group of renal clear cell carcinoma and other groups (P＜0.05).(1) There are five protein peaks statistically differentially expressed between the group of preoperative renal clear cell carcinoma and the control group of non-tumor. The two protein peaks with the most significant difference are M=2682.68 and M=2864.38 (P=0.000166, P=0.03) (2) There are six protein peaks statistically differentially expressed between the group of preoperative renal clear cell carcinoma and the group of renal angiomyolipoma. The two protein peaks with the most significant difference are M=2683.14 and M=1331.32 (P=0.00203, P=0.00388).(3) There are two protein peaks statistically differentially expressed between the limited group and invasion and metastasis group of preoperative renal clear cell carcinoma. The two protein peaks with the most significant difference are M=9293.53 and M=4646.76 (P=0.0212, P=0.0389).(4) There are ten protein peaks statistically differentially expressed between the preoperative group and postoperative group of renal clear cell carcinoma. The two protein peaks with the most significant difference are M=3885.32 and M=7769.69 (P=0.00231,P=0.0167).3. We are the first to establish diagnosis models of renal clear cell carcinoma by means of genetic algorithm, and the recognition capabilities are 94.45%,100%,91.67% and 100%, respectively.Conclusions1. We are the first to apply WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in screening differentially expressed proteins in serum of renal clear cell carcinoma. And the technique has good reproducibility, feasibility and credibility.2. We are the first to find many proteins statistically differentially expressed in serum with application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF-MS between the group of renal clear cell carcinoma and other groups (P＜0.05).3. We are the first to establish diagnosis models of renal clear cell carcinoma by means of genetic algorithm, and the recognition capabilities are high.Part IIObjectiveThe application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in detecting differentially expressed proteins in urine of renal clear cell carcinoma. MethodsWCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS are applied in order to screen differentially expressed proteins in urine of renal clear cell carcinoma. Genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to establish diagnosis model.Results1. We are the first to apply WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in screening differentially expressed proteins in urine of renal clear cell carcinoma. And the technique has good reproducibility, feasibility and credibility.2. We are the first to find many proteins statistically differentially expressed in urine with application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF-MS between the group of renal clear cell carcinoma and other groups (P<0.05).(1) There are one protein peak statistically differentially expressed between the group of preoperative renal clear cell carcinoma and the normal control group. The protein peaks with significant difference is M=2221.71(P=0.0304).(2) There are forty-one protein peaks statistically differentially expressed between the group of renal clear cell carcinoma and the group of renal angiomyolipoma. The two protein peaks with the most significant difference are M=4270.15 and M=2251.62 (P=0.0167,P=0.0167).3. We are the first to establish diagnosis models of renal clear cell carcinoma by means of genetic algorithm, and the recognition capabilities are 100%and 100%.Conclusions1. We are the first to apply WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF MS in screening differentially expressed proteins in urine of renal clear cell carcinoma. And the technique has good reproducibility, feasibility and credibility.2. We are the first to find many proteins statistically differentially expressed in urine with application of WCX magnetic beads combined MALDI-TOF-MS between the group of renal clear cell carcinoma and other groups (P<0.05).3. We are the first to establish diagnosis models of renal clear cell carcinoma by means of genetic algorithm, and the recognition capabilities are high.