| The feasibility study of rabbit cartilage defects repair was evaluated with the use of rabbit allogeneic synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells(SMSCs) and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA).Synovial tissue was harvested from rabbit knee joints. Synovium cell populations were enzymatically released from the synovial tissue and were expanded in monolayer with serial passages at confluence. Cell clones were obtained by limiting dilution. Passage 3 SDSCs were mixed with fibrin glue and seeded into non-woven polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) mesh. After 28-days incubation with growth factor cocktails(BMP-2,TGF-β3 and DEX), the SMSCs were detected by RT-PCR and by histo-and immunohisto-chemistry for the expression of chondrocyte-related maker to confirm the pluropotential cell's entering into the chondrogenic lineage. Then the premature tissue was implanted into rabbit knees to repair osteochondral defects compared with Scaffold group and Empty group.SMSCs were engineered in rotating bioreactor systems into premature cartilage, the collage I, collage II and S-100 protein were expressed by immunohistochemistry. The glycosaminoglycan(GAG) was detected by toluidine blue staining.24 weeks after implantation with premature tissue, cartilage defects were full of smooth hyaline-like cartilage with no detectable collagen I and macrophages but a high expression of collagen II and GAG, which were also integrated with the surrounding native cartilage. The Scaffold and Empty groups were resurfaced with fibrous-like and fibrocartilage tissue, respectively.In conclusion, the inducing of rabbit cartilage defects repair by allogeneic synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells(SMSCs) and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) Scaffold is proved to be feasible in this study. However, further studies such as improving biomaterial design, evaluating the biomechanical properties of the regenerated tissue and ensuring clinical safety et al. are necessary to enhance the efficiency of the idea.
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