Diagnotic Significant Of The Combined Determination Of P53 Mutation And Telomerase Activity For Lung Cancer Patients

p53 gene is one of the most relevant to human tumor suppressor gene and also is one of the current hot spot in cancer gene research.It is thought that p53 gene mutation is general in the entire process of lung cancer.Also, the mutation of p53 gene is higher in early lung cancers than in advanced ones.Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric DNA onto chromosomal ends using an component as a template. Research has shown that the detection of telomerase activity is important to early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis prediction of lung cancer patients.This study is to investigate the significance of multisample, polygene and multifactor combining detection in early diagnosis, prognosis and prevention of lung cancer from the point of view of the tumor molecular biology. We selected 80 lung cancer patients with pleural effusion and 50 benign lung disease patients with pleural effusion from lung cancer institute of tianjin medical university general hospital and cancer center of the affiliated hospital of medical college qingdao university. We employed the technique of PCR-SSCP and TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocal)-PCR-ELISA to detect the mutative rates of p53 gene, and the activity of telomerase in peripheral blood, the sputum, pleural effusion and fiberobronchoscopic biopsy of 80 lung cancer patients with pleural effusion and 50 benign lung disease patients with pleural effusion.This study of mutative rates of p53 gene showed as follows:(1) Mutative rates of p53 gene in peripheral blood, the sputum, pleural effusion and fiberobronchoscopic biopsy of 80 lung cancer patients with pleural effusion were higher than 50 benign lung disease patients with pleural effusion significantly. (P<0.01) (2) There was no significant difference in mutative rates of p53 among the different pathologic types and subtype (P>0.05), while there was significant difference among patients of smoking (P<0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in mutative rates of p53 among the different clinical samples (P>0.05) (4) The sensitivity of combined of the detection of p53 point mutative and cytological examination for the four samples was higher than the sensitivity of pole cytological examination significantly (P<0.05). (5) The mutative rates of p53 was significant high in combined four samples than one sample (P<0.05)The study of telomemse activity showed as follows:(1) Telomemse activity in peripheral blood, the sputum, pleural effusion and fiberobronchoscopic biopsy of 80 lung cancer patients with pleural effusion were higher than 50 benign lung disease patients with pleural effusion significantly. (P<0.01) (2) There was no significant difference in telomemse activity among the different pathologic types and subtype (P>0.05), while there was significant difference among patients of smoking (P<0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in telomemse activity among the different clinical samples (P>0.05). (4) The sensitivity of combined of the detection of telomemse activity and cytological examination for the four samples was higher than the sensitivity of pole cytological examination significantly (P<0.05). (5) The telomemse activity was significant high in combined four samples than one sample (P<0.05)The combined detection of p53 point mutative and telomerase activity also gived us the follow results. (1) There was significant higher positive rate of p53 point mutative and telomerase activity in combined four samples than one sample. (2) The sensitivity of combined detection of p53 point mutative and telomemse activity for the four samples was higher than the sensitivity of single examination significantly.Conclusion:The polygene and multifactor combining detection in peripheral blood, the sputum, pleural effusion and fiberobronchoscopic biopsy of 80 lung cancer patients with pleural effusion can improve sensitivity and detectable rate of early lung cancer diagnosis, and has instructive significance for the judgement of the property and prognosis of the disease. The detection of blood, sputum, pleural effusion and fiberobronchoscopic biopsy are safe and convenient. The compliance of patients is good.